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High-Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen in Children with Bronchiolitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
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  • Aykut Eşki,
  • Gökçen Kartal Öztürk,
  • Caner Turan,
  • Semiha Özgül,
  • Figen Gülen,
  • Esen Demir
Aykut Eşki
Diyarbakır Gazi Yaşargil Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Gökçen Kartal Öztürk
Ege University Faculty of Medicine
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Caner Turan
Ege University, School of Medicine
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Semiha Özgül
Ege University
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Figen Gülen
Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonology
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Esen Demir
Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonology
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Abstract

Objective: To determine whether high-flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNCO) provided enhanced respiratory support in bronchiolitis than low-flow oxygen (LFO). Methods: We conducted a prospective, randomized controlled trial in children between 1-24 months diagnosed with moderate-to-severe bronchiolitis requiring oxygen therapy. Participants received LFO via face mask (6-10 L/min) or HFNCO (2 L*kg/min). Primary outcomes were the time that heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) return to their normal range for age and the time that baseline clinical respiratory score (CRS) regress to a lower severity score. Secondary outcomes were changes in HR, RR, and CRS over time, length of stay (LOS), duration of oxygen requirement, treatment failure, and adverse event (AE). Results: Eighty-seven children were enrolled (48 in LFO; 39 in HFNCO). The time that HR and RR baseline values reached their normal range for age was shorter in HFNCO therapy (2.0h [1.0-4.0] vs. 12.0h [2.0-24.0] and 4.0 h [2.0-12.0] vs. 24.0 h [4.0-48.0], respectively; P< .001); additionally, the improvement in CRS emerged more quickly in children treated with HFNCO (2.0 h [1.0-4.0] vs. 4.0 h [2.0-24.0]; P = .003). While the duration of oxygen requirement (19.0 h [4.0-30.0] vs. 29.5 h [14.0-45.7]; P = .009) and treatment failure (3% vs. 21%) was statistically lower in children who received HFNCO, there were no differences in LOS and AE between groups. Conclusion: HFNCO may provide enhanced respiratory support with a notable improvement in HR, RR, and CRS than LFO. Comprehensive studies are needed to assess the clinical efficacy of HFNCO therapy.
26 Jun 2021Submitted to Pediatric Pulmonology
28 Jun 2021Submission Checks Completed
28 Jun 2021Assigned to Editor
02 Jul 2021Reviewer(s) Assigned
02 Aug 2021Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
05 Aug 2021Editorial Decision: Revise Major
11 Oct 20211st Revision Received
12 Oct 2021Assigned to Editor
12 Oct 2021Submission Checks Completed
12 Oct 2021Reviewer(s) Assigned
08 Nov 2021Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
18 Nov 2021Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
22 Jan 20222nd Revision Received
24 Jan 2022Assigned to Editor
24 Jan 2022Submission Checks Completed
24 Jan 2022Reviewer(s) Assigned
06 Mar 2022Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
15 Mar 2022Editorial Decision: Accept
16 Mar 2022Published in Pediatric Pulmonology. 10.1002/ppul.25893