Risk factors associated with Diabetes Mellitus in COVID-19 infected
patients: A meta-analytic synthesis of observational studies
Abstract
Aims: We carried out a systematic literature review and meta-analytic
synthesis to find out association between DM and related outcomes in
patients with COVID-19 infection. Methods: We systematically searched
MEDLINE, and Web of Science to identify studies investigating
comorbidities, clinical manifestations and resource utilization of
diabetic patients exposed with COVID-19 published from inception to
January 2021. Meta-analysis was carried out using Review Manager 5.3.
Random effects model was used to compute the pooled estimates of odds
ratio/mean difference (OR)/(MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results: Results from the pooled meta-analysis found that CVD,
hypertension, AKI, cerebrovascular disease, AKI and ARDS were
significantly associated with DM in COVID-19 infected patients compared
to non-diabetic patients. There is significant association found between
mortality and DM compared to non-diabetic patients [OR (95% CI): 2.46
(1.68, 3.58)]. ICU admission and use of mechanical ventilation was
significantly associated with DM and COVID-19 vs. non-diabetic [OR
(95% CI): 2.79 (1.79,4.34) and 3.33 (2.05, 5.42)] respectively.
However, LOS, hospitalization, and ICU admission were not significantly
differing between diabetes vs. non-diabetes. Conclusions: The results
showed a significant association between mortality and DM exposed with
COVID-19. Other co-morbidities especially CVD/hypertension could be a
serious threat for DM COVID-19 infected patients for the higher
mortality.