Camelina oil in the context of a weight loss programs improves glucose
homeostasis, inflammation and oxidative stress in NAFLD patients: A
randomized, triple -blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Abstract
Background: Over the past few years, the benefits of co-administration
of omega-3 and antioxidants have been reported in the management of
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) complications.This study
evaluated the effects of Camelina sativa oil (CSO) supplementation as
one of the richest dietary sources of omega-3 fatty acids on glucose
homeostasis,inflammation, metabolic endotoxemia, and oxidative stress in
NAFLD patients. Methods: In all, 43 subjects with NAFLD were allocated
to either an intervention (20g/d CSO) or placebo (20g/d sunflower oil)
group receiving a calorie-restricted diet for 12 weeks. Fasting serum
levels of glycemic indices, hs-CRP, endotoxin, antioxidant enzymes
activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA),
8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α), and uric acid were measured at
baseline and post-intervention. Results: CSO intake led to a significant
decrease in insulin concentration (-17.49%), homeostasis model
assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (-20%), high-sensitive
C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), (-12.94%), lipopolysaccharide endotoxin
(-32.55%), malondialdehyde (MDA) (-18.75%), 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α
(8-iso-PGF2α) (-19.55%) and a significant increase in the levels of
total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (31.82%) and superoxide dismutase
activity (10.22%) in the CSO group compared with the placebo group.
Also, there was no significant difference between the two groups in
fasting plasma glucose, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index
(QUICKI), catalase, glutathione peroxidase activity, and uric acid
level. In addition, within-group analyses showed a significant reduction
of insulin, QUICKI, hs-CRP, and endotoxin levels in the intervention
group. Conclusion: These findings indicate that CSO may improve
glycemic, inflammation, metabolic endotoxima, oxidative stress status,
and mental health in patients with NAFLD.