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Transcriptomic changes associated with oral immunotherapy for food allergy
  • Sarah Ashley,
  • Anthony Bosco,
  • Mimi Tang
Sarah Ashley
Murdoch Children's Research Institute
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Anthony Bosco
The University of Arizona Asthma & Airway Disease Research Center
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Mimi Tang
Murdoch Children's Research Institute

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Abstract

This review summarises recent advances in characterising the transcriptional pathways associated with outcomes following Oral Immunotherapy. Recent technological advances including single-cell sequencing are transforming the ways in which the transcriptional landscape is understood. The application of these technologies is still in its infancy in food allergy but here we summarise current understanding of gene expression changes following oral immunotherapy for food allergy and specific signatures underpinning the different clinical outcomes of desensitisation and remission (sustained unresponsiveness). T helper 2A cells have been identified as a cell type which correlates with disease activity and is modified by treatment. Molecular features at study entry may differentiate individuals who achieve more positive outcomes during OIT. Recent findings point to T cell anergy and Type 1 interferon pathways as potential mechanisms supporting redirection of the allergen-specific immune response away from allergy towards remission. Despite these developments in our understanding of immune mechanisms following OIT, there are still significant gaps. Additional studies examining immune signatures associated with long term and well-defined clinical outcomes are required to gain a more complete understanding of the pathways leading to remission of allergy, in order to optimise treatments and gain improved outcomes for patients.
06 Nov 2023Submitted to Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
06 Nov 2023Submission Checks Completed
06 Nov 2023Assigned to Editor
06 Nov 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
06 Nov 2023Reviewer(s) Assigned
13 Feb 20241st Revision Received
19 Feb 2024Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending