Peripheral venous catheter fracture with cardiovascular embolization is a rare but potentially serious complication. Herein, we report a case of peripheral venous catheter fracture with embolization in the right ventricle in a preterm infant.The catheter fragment was successfully removed by surgical procedure via median sternotomy under cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB).We hope this case will increase awareness of this rare complication and improve the safety of catheterization.