Three‐dimensional Mapping System Facilitated Superior Approach for
Radiofrequency Ablation of Tachyarrhythmia in Patients without Inferior
Vena Cava Access
Abstract
Catheter ablation for tachyarrhythmia via superior approach has been
used in patients without possible inferior vena cava access such as in
cases of venous occlusion or complex anomaly. Difficulty in catheter
manipulation, instability, number of required vascular access, and
radiation exposure of operator had been described in the procedure.
Application of three-dimensional (3-D) mapping system in catheter
ablation via superior approach could navigate the guiding catheter and
provide more precise ablation. We reported four cases receiving catheter
ablation due to atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia, atrial
fibrillation and right ventricular arrhythmia via superior approach
facilitated by 3-D mapping system with fewer vascular access and
catheters.