The classical interpretation of Young’s double slit experiment is that, before and after passing through the diaphragm of the double slit, the light behaves as waves. Feynman called the double slit experiment “the only mystery [of quantum mechanics]. We propose for the first time both the photon chamber and Postulates of convex lens, and utilize both to the classical wave experiments. Experiments show new phenomena that, in the same experiments: (1) the non-interference patterns near the diaphragm and interference patterns near the screen coexist; (2) the non-interference patterns evolve to the interference patterns; (3) the interference patterns and the non-interference patterns are produced independently and partially; (4) the light is not EM waves. The light is photons not only in Photoelectric effect but also in the classical wave experiments, and the photons distribute as waves near and on the screen, we referred the phenomena as Photowaves. The experimental results in this article are consistent. New phenomena require an interpretation.

The classical interpretation of Young’s double slit experiment is that, before and after passing through the double slit, the light behaves as waves. It is “the only mystery [of quantum mechanics] (Feynman). We proposed Postulates of convex lens for utilizing lens in wave experiments. By applying convex lens, we observed new phenomena of the double slit experiments, and referred as “new mystery”. blob:https://www.techrxiv.org/b9a5f787-c362-4e1a-a088-63823ff12323 blob:https://www.techrxiv.org/108ed06e-a714-4fc1-a3ca-66bc1d20cd8a blob:https://www.techrxiv.org/3bc0437b-623c-462b-a855-0bd07867a2db blob:https://www.techrxiv.org/2e9cd581-982d-4e32-afd9-23ad3968b890 blob:https://www.techrxiv.org/3fd06dd0-2ae9-4ed7-b3b7-e870224e8b69 In this article, we show the focal point related phenomena attribute to a thin lens, and confirm Postulates of convex lens. The combination of Postulates of the convex lens and the geometrical theory of the lens may describe the function of the lens in the wave experiments. The convex lens is helpful in studying the mystery of the double slit experiment. It is the challenge to interpret the convex lens related phenomena in the wave experiments.

The classical interpretation of Young’s double slit experiment is that, before and after passing through the diaphragm of the double slit, the light behaves as waves. Feynman called the double slit experiment “the only mystery [of quantum mechanics]. We have shown for the first time that in the classical wave experiments: (1) Particle patterns, which are non-interference patterns indicating the particle nature of light, are near the diaphragm, and Interference patterns are near the screen; (2) Particle patterns evolve to Transition patterns that are also non-interference patterns, and, finally, evolve to Interference patterns; (3) Postulates of lens for utilizing lens in wave experiments. blob:https://www.techrxiv.org/615e9312-3e89-48d5-99fe-bbad6cef8a75 blob:https://www.techrxiv.org/4fad8e66-75e1-47db-af51-d9e445461b9b blob:https://www.techrxiv.org/e4274387-92e5-41bb-9185-038555bb2f13 In this article, we experimentally show that Particle patterns, Transition patterns and Interference patterns of the double slit experiments are simultaneously emerged on the screen. We suggest that these phenomena and the physical mechanism of photons distributing as waves are new mystery.

The standard interpretation of Young’s double slit experiment is that the light behaves as waves before and after passing through the diaphragm of the double slit. Recently, the convex lens has been utilized to study the behavior of photons near the diaphragm of the double slit. The experiments show that within a certain macroscopic distance the patterns are the particle patterns (noninterference pattern), and that the noninterference pattern gradually evolve to the interference pattern. blob:https://www.techrxiv.org/18101684-04be-4dda-bf47-fc89e20209a6 blob:https://www.techrxiv.org/1b623f70-d3f5-492e-b4ec-711e4419d88f blob:https://www.techrxiv.org/67ec495b-e292-49dc-82df-dfe59c863912 blob:https://www.techrxiv.org/04d29b09-60cc-42df-89c6-0105f8d72e24 blob:https://www.techrxiv.org/3f817ddd-90b3-47e7-a249-1d3fb183b14d In this article, we show that in each of the cross double slit, 4 slits, disc ring and 1D grating experiments, the particle patterns (noninterference patterns) and interference patterns simultaneously emerge on the screen. It is the challenge to interpret the phenomena.

The standard interpretation of Young’s double slit experiment is that the light behaves as waves before and after passing through the diaphragm of the double slit. Recently, the photon chamber has been proposed and utilized to study the behavior of photons near the detecting screen. The experiments show that the light behaves as photons propagating along the straight-line trajectories that distribute as waves. Furthermore, the photon chamber placed near the double slit shows the non-interference pattern. blob:https://www.techrxiv.org/d6d50163-0598-4007-9243-ca11c2d05e95 In this article we show how the non-interference pattern evolves gradually to the interference pattern in the same cross double slit experiment: (1) the convex lens is placed at 50 mm from the diaphragm of the cross double slit, the non-interference pattern shows and has four primary maximum intensities (Figure (a)); (2) at 100 mm, the four primary maximum intensities disappeared (Figure (b)); (3) at 200 mm (Figure (c)); (4) at 600 mm, the interference pattern shown (Figure (d)), namely the non-interference pattern evolves to the interference pattern. The optics wave and electromagnetic wave theories cannot interpret this phenomenon and thus, is incomplete. This phenomenon provides information for further theoretical development. The cross double slit experiment is complex than the double slit experiments. We briefly discuss the complexity of the cross double slit experiment and show the comparison of both.

Young’s double slit experiments revived the wave theory of light. The standard interpretation is that the light behaves as waves before and after passing through the double slit. Feynman called the double slit experiment the only mystery in quantum mechanics. By placing a convex lens at different positions, we have shown: (1) Near the diaphragm, light behaves as photons and produces a non-interference pattern; near the screen, the photons produce an interference pattern; (2) The non-interference pattern evolves to the orthogonal interference pattern gradually in the same experiment; (3) The convex lens stops the further evolution. It is heuristic for study the nature of light by showing all of three different kinds of patterns on the screen simultaneously. For this purpose, in this article, we setup three paths. The light is divided into three portions, each portion propagates along one path. Then inserting three lenses to different Zones of different paths. Experiments show that two non-interference patterns and interference pattern simultaneously emerge on the same screen. The experiments: (1) challenge the wave theories of light; (2) violate Bohr’s complementarity principle; (3) provide profound phenomena for further development of optics and for study of the nature of light; (4) suggest that a complete theory should be able to simultaneously interpret the non-interference pattern, the interference pattern, and the evolution from the non-interference to the interference pattern in the same experiment.

Young’s double slit experiments, which represent the mystery of quantum mechanics, have been described by wave theories such as the electromagnetic wave, quantum probability waves and pilot waves. Recently, the photon chamber has been proposed to detect the traces of the light beams in the 1D-grating diffraction experiments, namely to visualize the passage of the light beams. In this article we apply the photon chamber to the 2D grating. The experiments show that the light beams behave as rays moving through the photon chamber. The existence of the light tracks indicates the particle nature of the light beams in the wave experiments. The challenge is to explain the fact that the light pass through the photon chamber, which may be placed anywhere between the grating and the detecting screen, as photons, while still distribute as waves on the detecting screen.

Young’s double slit (and Arago spot) experiments revived the wave theory of light. The standard interpretation is that the light behaves as waves before and after passing through the double slit. Feynman called the double slit experiment the only mystery in quantum mechanics. In this article, we postulate and experimentally confirm the precise rules of convex lenses. Based on those Postulates, we study the evolution of the patterns of single slit, double slit, triple slit, cross-double slit, disc ring, 1D-grating and 2D-grating experiments. The experiments show, for the first time, the novel universal phenomena: (1) Within a certain macroscopic distance from the diaphragm (Zone-1), light behaves as photons and produces a non-interference pattern, while near the screen (the far field, Zone-3), the photons produce an interference pattern, while between Zone-1 and Zone-3 (Zone-2), the photons produce an non-interference pattern; namely the nature and characteristics of the pattern are distance dependent; (2) The non-interference pattern evolves to the interference pattern gradually in the same experiment; (3) The convex lens stops the evolution of the patterns. The experiments provide profound phenomena/data for further theoretical development of optics and for understanding the nature of light. We suggest that a complete theory should be able to interpret the non-interference pattern in Zone-1, the non-interference pattern in Zone-2, and the interference pattern in Zone-3; and the evolution from one pattern to another.

The standard interpretation of Young’s double slit experiment is that the light behaves as waves before and after passing through the diaphragm of the double slit. There is one primary maximum intensity at the central position of the interference pattern. Recently, the photon chamber has been proposed and utilized to study the behavior of photons near the detecting screen. The experiments show that the light, near the screen, behaves as photons propagating along the straight-line trajectories that distribute as waves. Furthermore, the photon chamber placed near the double slit shows the non-interference pattern. blob:https://www.techrxiv.org/66ec822d-f054-4cc3-8b9e-8ff89d6481e2 In this article we show how the non-interference (non-wave) pattern evolves gradually to the interference pattern: (1) at 50 mm from the diaphragm of the double slit, the non-interference pattern shows and has two primary maximum intensities (Figure (a)); (2) at 150 mm, the two intensities of the non-interference pattern become wider and closer (Figure (b)); (3) at 200 mm, the two intensities of the non-interference pattern merge (Figure (c)); (4) at 400 mm, the non-interference pattern evolves to the interference pattern(Figure (d)). The interpretations of the optics wave and electromagnetic wave theories of the double slit experiments is incomplete. This phenomenon provides information for further theoretical development.

The standard interpretation of Young’s double slit experiment is that the light behaves as waves before and after passing through the diaphragm of the double slit. Recently, the convex lens has been utilized to study the behavior of photons near the diaphragm. The experiments show that, within certain macroscopic distance, the pattern is the particle pattern, i.e., the non-interference pattern, and that the non-interference pattern gradually evolve to the interference pattern. blob:https://www.techrxiv.org/35fd3146-204c-4a6b-9148-f0f77f9af13d blob:https://www.techrxiv.org/44bec0b0-0f2c-46b6-addb-07e5678b17cd blob:https://www.techrxiv.org/c362971d-4441-4f4c-b275-8ef1202257fc In this article, we show that, in the double slit experiments, the particle pattern (non-interference pattern) and interference pattern emerge on the screen simultaneously. It is the challenge to interpret this phenomenon.

Special Relativity (SR) is the cornerstone for modern physics and for variety of applications. SR is based on two postulations, the principle of relativity and the principle of constancy of the propagation speed of light wave. However, up to now, the constancy of the propagation speed of light wave has not been experimentally confirmed yet. Recently we have shown that light propagate as particles even in “pure” wave experiments. In this article we propose a doable experiment to test the second postulation for photons as shown below. If the experiment shows a negative result, i.e., the constancy of the speed of light as photons holds, then we, the first time, confirm experimentally the second postulation of SR. If the experiment shows a positive result, i.e., the propagation speed of photons is not constant, then, the second postulate of SR is disproved. Either negative or positive results would be profoundly significant.

Young’s double slit experiment and Poisson/Arago spot experiment revived the wave theory of the light. The standard interpretation is that the light behaves as waves. Feynman called the double slit experiment the only mystery in quantum mechanics. Recently, the photon chamber has been proposed and utilized to study the behavior of photons near the detecting screen. The experiments show that the light, near the screen, behaves as photons propagating along the straight-line trajectories, and the trajectories distribute as waves. Furthermore, the photon chamber experiments show that, within certain macroscopic distance from the double slit, the pattern is non-interference, which indicates that the standard double slit experiments violate the standard wave interpretations. In this article, we show, the first time, that, within certain macroscopic distance from the ring, the pattern is non-interference, and how the non-interference pattern (near the ring) evolving to the interference pattern (far from the ring). blob:https://www.techrxiv.org/401bdd50-1361-4e46-892a-577f52ebac33 blob:https://www.techrxiv.org/7b37d541-ca7e-4ea4-ad7e-21e8698dd5b6 The experiments show: (1) the nature of the patterns is distance-dependent; (2) to certain macroscopic distance from the ring, the light beams behave as particle; (3) when the distance increases, the non-interference pattern evolves to the interference pattern, i.e., the non-wave nature and the wave distribution coexist in the same wave experiment. The experiments: (1) provide novel phenomena/data for further theoretical development of the optics and for understanding the nature of the light.