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Nocturnal Sap Flow as Compensation for Water Deficits: An Implicit Water-saving Strategy Used by Mangroves in Stressful Environments
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  • Luzhen Chen,
  • Sipan Wu,
  • Xiaoxuan Gu,
  • Yanghang Zheng
Luzhen Chen
Xiamen University State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science

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Sipan Wu
Xiamen University State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science
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Xiaoxuan Gu
Xiamen University State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science
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Yanghang Zheng
Xiamen University State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science
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Abstract

As part of the plant water-use process, plant nocturnal sap flow ( Q n) has been demonstrated to have important ecophysiological significance to compensate for water loss. The purpose of this study was to explore nocturnal water-use strategies to fill the knowledge gap in mangroves, by measuring three species co-occurring in a subtropical estuary. The Q n existed persistently and contributed markedly over 5.5%~24.0% of the daily sap flow ( Q) across species, which was associated with two processes, nocturnal transpiration ( E n) and nocturnal stem water refilling ( R n). The diversity of stem recharge patterns and response to sap flow to high salinity conditions were the main reasons for the differences in Q n/ Q among species. For Kandelia obovata and Aegiceras corniculatum, R n was the main contributor to Q n, which driven by the demands of stem water refilling after diurnal water depletion and high salinity. In contrast, Avicennia marina maintained a low Q n, driven by vapor pressure deficit, and the Q n mainly used for E n, which adapts to high salinity conditions by limiting water dissipation at night. We conclude that the diverse ways Q n properties act as water-compensating strategies among the co-occurring mangrove species might help the trees to overcoming water scarcity.