loading page

Working Memory and Sensory Memory in Subclinical High Schizotypy: An Avenue for Understanding Schizophrenia?
  • +1
  • Sarah Haigh,
  • Marian Berryhill,
  • Alexandrea Kilgore-Gomez,
  • Michael Dodd
Sarah Haigh
University of Nevada Reno

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

Author Profile
Marian Berryhill
University of Nevada Reno
Author Profile
Alexandrea Kilgore-Gomez
University of Nevada Reno
Author Profile
Michael Dodd
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Author Profile

Abstract

The search for robust, reliable biomarkers of schizophrenia remains a high priority in psychiatry. Biomarkers are valuable because they can reveal the underlying mechanisms of symptoms and monitor treatment progress, and may predict future risk of developing schizophrenia. Despite the existence of various promising biomarkers that relate to symptoms across the schizophrenia-spectrum, and despite published recommendations encouraging multivariate metrics, they are rarely investigated simultaneously within the same individuals. In those with schizophrenia, the magnitude of purported biomarkers is complicated by comorbid diagnoses, medications, and other treatments. Here, we argue three points. First, we reiterate the importance of assessing multiple biomarkers simultaneously. Second, we argue that investigating biomarkers in those with schizophrenia-related traits (schizotypy) in the general population can accelerate progress in understanding the mechanisms of schizophrenia. We focus on biomarkers of sensory and working memory in schizophrenia and their smaller effects in individuals with nonclinical schizotypy. Third, we note irregularities across research domains leading to the current situation in which there is a preponderance of data on auditory sensory memory and visual working memory, but markedly less in visual (iconic) memory and auditory working memory, particularly when focusing on schizotypy where data are either scarce or inconsistent. Together, this review highlights opportunities for researchers without access to clinical populations to address gaps in knowledge. We conclude by highlighting the theory that early sensory memory deficits contribute negatively to working memory and vice versa. This presents a mechanistic perspective where biomarkers may interact with one another and impact schizophrenia-related symptoms.
01 Feb 2023Submitted to European Journal of Neuroscience
02 Feb 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
02 Feb 2023Submission Checks Completed
02 Feb 2023Assigned to Editor
02 Feb 2023Reviewer(s) Assigned
07 Mar 2023Editorial Decision: Accept