Utilizing Spirogyra grevilleana as a Phytoremediatory Agent for
Reduction of Limnetic Nutrients and Escherichia coli Concentrations
Abstract
The freshwater alga Spirogyra grevilleana was used in an experimental
biofiltration system to reduce levels of Escherichia coli, nitrates, and
phosphates. Water collected from a 2.32 ha lake in Atlanta, Georgia, USA
was pumped at a constant rate ( m3 hr-1) through the algal filtration
devices with low and high concentrations of S. grevilleana. Effluent
water was tested over time for E. coli, nitrate, phosphate, dissolved
oxygen, and pH levels. Both concentrations of S. grevilleana reduced E.
coli by 100% and significantly reduced nitrate concentrations (30% ±
13%) and phosphate concentrations (23% ± 5%) while maintaining
dissolved oxygen and pH at normal levels. Utilizing S. grevilleana in an
algal filtration device could potentially provide a sustainable,
flexible, and low-cost method of E. coli reduction in freshwater lakes
worldwide. Initial results indicate that the use of S. grevilleana in
conjunction with an algal filtration device is potentially capable of
creating potable water.