The state-of-the-art technic of stereotactic radioablation for the
treatment of cardiac arrhythmias: An overview
Abstract
Cardiac arrhythmias are a leading cause of mortality, morbidity, and
sudden cardiac death (SCD). Current treatment strategies for ventricular
tachycardia (VT) are effective for many patients; however, in several
cases, this does not result in a cure. Despite significant clinical
improvements, conventional catheter ablation remains relatively
unsuccessful in achieving the best outcomes in some challenging cases.
Stereotactic arrhythmia radioablation (STAR), which delivers precise
high-dose radiation to well-defined targets with minimal damage to
surrounding tissue, is emerging as a new potential treatment option,
having the potential to be used for patients at high risk for catheter
ablation or who have refractory VT. Ongoing studies and preliminary
experiences on f the efficacy of STAR in patients with refractory VT
have shown a reduction in VT recurrence and a promising early safety
profile. However, STAR is in its infancy, and clinical evidence on its
efficacy and safety is limited; thus, conclusions regarding the efficacy
of STAR should be drawn with caution. Further investigation of long-term
efficacy and tolerability is ongoing to substantiate this promising
therapeutic option better. The present review describes the background
and general principles, pretreatment procedures, clinical implications,
and toxicity of STAR therapy.