Comparative Analysis of Lumped and Semi-distributed Hydrological Models
in Humid Mediterranean Environments
Abstract
We inter-compare four hydrological models in terms of their surface
water response simulations and their ability to capture the particular
features of humid Mediterranean climates. We selected the Maule River
basin (central Chile), in particular the Longaví basin as the paradigm
of humid Mediterranean climate to run the study. The area is under
intensive irrigated agricultural exploitation, which jeopardizes
groundwater recharge and may be further pressurized by precipitation
changes due to global warming. The Longaví basin in the south of the
Maule, was studied and its hydrological cycle was simulated using four
simulation tools: GR4J, HBV-light, HEC-HMS and WEAP, hence including
lumped as well as a semi-distributed approaches. For model performance
assessment, the Longaví was sub-divided into three zones with comparable
characteristics in terms of climate, physical soil properties and
altitude classes. Daily hydro-meteorological forcing time series were
provided by official institutions of Chile for the 1979 to 2015 period.
The individual model efficiency was evaluated through usual
deterministic performance indicators. The models exhibit different
strengths in terms of hydrologic response simulations. The results
obtained with GR4J, HEC-HMS and WEAP perform better during southern
hemisphere Winter between June and October, while HBV-light produces
stronger results during the November to May Summer season. The more
heavily parameterized WEAP model tends to better represent the stream
flow variability observed during the rainy season with respect to the
dry season.