Scaling of leaf area with biomass in trees reconsidered: constant
metabolically active sapwood volume per unit leaf area with height
growth
Abstract
¾-power scaling between metabolic rate and body mass is regarded as
near-universal across organisms. However, there are compelling reasons
to question ¾-power scaling in woody plants, where metabolic rate≈leaf
area. This leaf area must provide carbon to the metabolically active
sapwood volume (V MASW). V MASW is
necessarily a much smaller volume than total wood volume, meaning that
scaling of total leaf area LA tot with V
MASW should be >¾. Within populations of a
species, variants in which V MASW increases per unit
leaf area with height growth (e.g. ¾ scaling) would have proportionally
less carbon for growth and reproduction as they grow taller. Therefore,
selection should favor individuals in which, as they grow taller, leaf
area scales isometrically with V MASW. Using tetrazolium
staining, we measured total V MASW and total leaf area
across 22 individuals of Ricinus communis and confirmed that leaf
area scales isometrically with V MASW, and that V
MASW is much smaller than total sapwood volume.
. With the potential of the LA tot-V
MASW relationship to shape factors as diverse as the
crown area-stem diameter relationship, conduit diameter scaling,
reproductive output, and drought-induced mortality, our work suggests
that the notion that sapwood increases per unit leaf area with height
growth requires revision.