The paper considers monostatic ISAC transceivers relying on in-band full-duplex (IBFD) capability to achieve simultaneous sensing and communication. These systems transmit a waveform for both communication and sensing and receive target echoes and incoming communication signals from other nodes. The major challenge is self-interference cancellation (SIC), suppressing interference from the leaked transmitted signal for both sensing and communications and the mutual interference between the echo for sensing and incoming signals for communication. This paper proposes an advanced joint analog and twostage digital SIC structure to address this challenge, enabling simultaneous communication and sensing in IBFD ISAC systems. The analog SIC structure leverages an analog least mean square (ALMS) loop with specific design constraints to preserve the integrity of sensing signals. A sample-and-hold mechanism is employed to avoid ALMS weighting coefficient variation caused by the strong reflected sensing signal and uplink communication signal. The novel two-stage digital SIC first cancels residual self-interference for sensing and then mitigates echo sensing signals for communication. Doppler effects in the echo signals are compensated during the second stage to ensure effective suppression of sensing signals and accurate retrieval of communication signals. Simulation results validate the proposed approach, showcasing its strong communication and sensing performance and robust SIC capabilities.

Wideband millimeter wave and terahertz systems face severe nonlinearity and other practical impairments such as transmitter and receiver I/Q imbalances (IQIs), carrier frequency offset, and phase noise. Based on a simplified yet effective received signal model, this paper proposes a low-complexity digital post-cancellation (DPC) framework for transmitter IQI and overall system nonlinearity mitigation. The nonlinearity parameters with reduced nonlinearity order are firstly estimated with low-complexity using a novel transmission protocol incorporating both frame rotation and preamble power scaling. Through widely linear system equalization and interference cancellation, the signal distortion caused by frequency-dependent IQI and nonlinearity are then mitigated with significant performance improvement. The mean-squared-error measurement of the EMP-modelled signals also provides a practical means for the nonlinear system identification and characterization. Both simulation and experiment results obtained from a millimeter wave system with 2.5 GHz bandwidth and 73.5 GHz carrier frequency are presented to verify the theoretical analyses and demonstrate the effectiveness of the DPC technology.

For wideband transceivers operating at millimeter wave and terahertz frequencies, the implementation of conventional digital predistortion for nonlinearity mitigation faces significant challenges due to the limited availability and/or complexity of high-speed digital signal processing. In this paper, a simple received signal model is proposed for wideband system with nonlinearity and other practical impairments, such as transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) I/Q imbalances (IQIs), carrier frequency offset (CFO), and phase noise, to enable low-complexity impairment mitigation. An expanded memory polynomial (EMP) model is firstly proposed to capture Tx IQI and the nonlinearity over the entire transceiver chain. Exploiting the CFO and a novel transmission protocol, a blind Rx IQI estimation is also proposed. The noise enhancement after Rx IQI and CFO compensation is then evaluated as a noise factor related to the mean-square-error of the Rx IQI estimation. As a result, the received signal of the wideband system is finally modelled as an EMP plus additive noises followed by a band-limited noisy receiver filter. Simulation results using a millimeter wave system with 2.5 GHz bandwidth and 73.5 GHz carrier frequency are presented to verify the accuracy of the EMP modelling and validate the theoretical analyses.

Digital predistortion (DPD) has been widely used in microwave transmitters to remove the signal distortion and spectral re-growth caused by nonlinear high power amplifiers and I/Q imbalanced up-converters. However, a DPD can hardly be implemented at a wideband transmitter operating at millimeter wave or terahertz frequency. In this paper, a low-complexity digital post-cancellation (DPC) framework is proposed for I/Q imbalance (IQI) and nonlinearity mitigation at a wideband receiver. The DPC is based on a novel expanded memory polynomial model which captures the IQI and nonlinearity over a complete signal chain including both transmitter and receiver. The nonlinearity parameters with reduced nonlinearity order can be efficiently estimated using a novel transmission protocol incorporating both frame rotation and preamble power scaling. Through widely linear system equalization and interference cancellation, the signal distortion caused by frequency-dependent IQI and nonlinearity can be mitigated with significant performance improvement. Considering the presence of carrier frequency offset at a practical receiver, blind receiver IQI estimation and compensation methods are also proposed in conjunction with the DPC. Both simulation and experiment results obtained from a millimeter wave system with 2.5 GHz bandwidth and 73.5 GHz carrier frequency are presented to verify the theoretical analyses and demonstrate the effectiveness of the DPC technology.