Piloting a Battery to Evaluate Parasympathetic Reactivity and
Externalizing Behaviors during Early Childhood in Autism Spectrum
Disorder
Abstract
Background Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia Reactivity (RSA-R) correlates
both positively and negatively with externalizing behavior in autistic
individuals. These inconsistencies may result from task-based
differences. Furthermore, RSA-R is understudied in young autistic
children, despite particular challenges with externalizing behavior.
This pilot study measured RSA-R in 4-to 6-year-olds, across two
time-points, using four validated tasks with matched baseline and
challenge periods. Methods RSA and parent-reported externalizing
behavior were collected from 17 children (Mage=5.57 years). RSA-R was
measured by the difference score of the challenge task minus its
corresponding comparison task. Correlations were computed to evaluate
relationships between RSA-R and behavior. Results RSA was reliably
measured for 3/4 tasks (.694 ≤ ICCs ≤ .896). Only RSA-R during a social
task correlated with externalizing behavior. These results support using
a battery that measures a range of challenges, differing in social
demands, to characterize how arousal contributes to emotion regulation
demands among young autistic children.