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INFLAMMATORY, HEMATOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL BIOMARKERS IN COVID-19 PATIENTS
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  • Rebeccah M. Ayako,
  • Kirtika Patel,
  • Isaac Ndede,
  • Johan Nordgren,
  • Marie Larsson,
  • Simeon K. Mining
Rebeccah M. Ayako
Moi University

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Kirtika Patel
Moi University
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Isaac Ndede
Moi University
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Johan Nordgren
Universitetssjukhuset i Linkoping Klinisk Mikrobiologiska Laboratoriet
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Marie Larsson
Linkopings universitet
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Simeon K. Mining
Moi University
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Abstract

There are few accurate prognostic indications of the illness’s development and severity for COVID-19, despite certain biomarkers having been investigated. The unexpected nature of COVID-19’s course, which can quickly progress from asymptomatic to severe disease, lies at the heart of the disease’s intricacy. Predicting SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity through laboratory biomarkers and as such, identifying the patients’ illness severity at the time of initial admission would be crucial in aiding patient care. In this study, we sought to evaluate hematological, biochemical and inflammatory biomarkers in COVID-19 patients. This was a cross-sectional research with 48 COVID-19 patients (16 asymptomatic/mild, 16 moderate, and 16 severe) and 48 age-sex matched COVID-19-negative clients from Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Kenya. On admission, demographic information, symptoms, and laboratory test results were collected. Significantly, COVID-19 severity was associated with hemoglobin (p<0.0001), white blood cells (p=0.0022), hematocrit (p<0.0001), blood urea nitrogen (p=0.01), blood sodium (p=0.0002), potassium (p=0.0483), C-reactive protein (p=0.0002), and Lactate Dehydrogenase (p<0.0001). CRP showed a high positive connection (0.5433; p=0.0006) with COVID-19 severity, but LDH showed a mild positive correlation (0.2484; p<0.0001). When comparing asymptomatic/mild COVID-19 to severe COVID-19, discriminative accuracy for CRP and LDH was greatest (AUC:0.8867, 95% CI:0.7532-1.000) and (AUC:1.000, 95% CI:1.000-1.000), respectively. Inflammatory biomarkers, hematological and biochemical indices have the potential to complement SARS-CoV-2 testing and predict the course of COVID-19. This will be useful in designing appropriate care for COVID-19 patients through targeted therapy.
03 Nov 2023Submitted to Immunity, Inflammation and Disease
06 Nov 2023Submission Checks Completed
06 Nov 2023Assigned to Editor
09 Nov 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
14 Nov 2023Reviewer(s) Assigned
25 Apr 20241st Revision Received
26 Apr 2024Submission Checks Completed
26 Apr 2024Assigned to Editor
26 Apr 2024Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
29 Apr 2024Reviewer(s) Assigned
15 May 2024Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
31 May 2024Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
30 Jul 2024Editorial Decision: Revise Major
18 Sep 20243rd Revision Received
18 Sep 2024Submission Checks Completed
18 Sep 2024Assigned to Editor
18 Sep 2024Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
18 Sep 2024Reviewer(s) Assigned
13 Oct 2024Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
31 Oct 20244th Revision Received