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Initial characteristics and follow-up of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors-induced angioedema
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  • Aurélien Chépy,
  • Marie Véron,
  • Sophie Gautier,
  • Meryem-Maud Farhat,
  • Ryadh Pokeerbux,
  • Giorgia Venturelli,
  • Cécile Yelnik,
  • Sylvain Dubucquoi,
  • Céline Podevin ,
  • Manel Jendoubi,
  • Isabelle Citerne,
  • Jennifer Baraffe,
  • Delphine Staumont-Sallé,
  • David Launay,
  • Sébastien Sanges
Aurélien Chépy
CHRU de Lille

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Marie Véron
CHU Lille
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Sophie Gautier
CHRU
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Meryem-Maud Farhat
CHRU de Lille
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Ryadh Pokeerbux
CHRU de Lille
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Giorgia Venturelli
CHRU de Lille
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Cécile Yelnik
CHRU de Lille
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Sylvain Dubucquoi
CHRU de Lille
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Céline Podevin
CHRU de Lille
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Manel Jendoubi
CHRU de Lille
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Isabelle Citerne
CHRU de Lille
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Jennifer Baraffe
CHRU
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Delphine Staumont-Sallé
CHRU de Lille
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David Launay
CHRU de Lille
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Sébastien Sanges
CHU Lille
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Abstract

Introduction: Differential diagnosis between angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) angioedema (AE) and idiopathic histaminergic AE (ihAE) is often challenging. Follow-up data may help discriminate these conditions but are scarcely reported. Our objective was to report on the follow-up of patients with suspected ACEi-AE and to describe the baseline characteristics of AE attacks in patients with a diagnosis confirmed by follow-up. Methods: Sixty-four patients with suspected ACEi-AE (i.e. with exposure to ACEi before first attack, no urticaria associated and normal C1-inhibitor levels) and at least one follow-up visit were included. Data were retrospectively collected at baseline and during follow-up. Results: After follow-up, the diagnosis of ACEi-AE was confirmed in only 30 patients. The remaining patients were reclassified as ihAE (21 patients) or undetermined-mechanism AE (13 patients). In ACEi-AE patients, attacks occurred mostly in men (61%) with a median age of 64 (interquartile range 17) years old, with a highly variable delay from ACEi introduction (23103 months), and preferential involvement of lips (50%), tongue (47%) and throat (30%). Patients with confirmed ACEi-AE frequently reported classical histaminergic features, such as history of allergy and atopic conditions (20%), attacks with preferential evening onset (25%) and spontaneous resolution <24h (26%). ACEi-AE attacks responded to icatibant (79%). Conclusion: A final diagnosis of ihAE is frequent in patients with an initial suspicion of ACEi-AE; and follow-up should be systematically performed to ascertain the diagnosis in this population. Baseline clinical features seem insufficient to accurately discriminate between ACEi-AE and histaminergic AE, highlighting an unmet need for diagnostic biomarkers.