Aim: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association between infective complications after retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) and RIRS scoring systems includes the Resorlu-Unsal Stone Score (RUSS), Modified Seoul National University renal stone complexity score (modified S-ReCS) and R.I.R.S score. Methods: Patients with renal calculi detected on imaging, who underwent RIRS in the urology clinic of a tertiary hospital between January 2013 and May 2020 were included in the study. A total of 581 patients who underwent RIRS for the kidney stones detected with imaging methods were included in the study. The RUSS and modified S-ReCS and R.I.R.S. scores of the patients were determined. Results: Infective complications were detected in 47 (8.1%) patients who underwent RIRS. There were fever in 27 (4.6%), urinary infection in 15 (2.5%), sepsis in 2 (0.3%) and septic shock in 3 (0.5%) patients. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, age (OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1-3.4; p:0.049), surgical duration of >60 minutes (OR: 1.9; 95% Cl: 1.1–3.5; p:0.027) RIRS score (OR: 8.9; 95% CI: 1.9-42.4; p:0.006) have been shown to be independent risk factors for the development of infective complications. A ROC curve analysis showed that the R.I.R.S scoring system can be used as a marker to predict infective complications. (Area under the curve (AUC):0.619, CI: 0.55–0.69; p:0.007) The cut-off point for the R.I.R.S scoring system was found to be 5.5 points using Youden’s test. Conclusion: In our study, we showed that the R.I.R.S scoring system can be used to predict infective complications in RIRS.

Aim: To evaluate the incidental prostate cancer (PCa) rate and predictive factors in patients who underwent open prostatectomy (OP) with a pre-diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods: This cross-sectional, retrospective study included patients with a pre-diagnosis of BPH, who underwent OP due to symptomatic prostate enlargement. Our database included age, medications, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), free/total PSA ratio, PSA density, digital rectal examination (DRE), prostate volume, serum neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio, aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio, presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), and histopathological results after OP. Results: Of the 430 patients that underwent OP with a pre-diagnosis of BPH, 406 (94.4%) with a benign pathological diagnosis were evaluated as the benign group in and 24 (5.6%) detected to have PCa constituted the incidental PCa group. In the univariate analysis, age, AST/ALT ratio, MetS, and DRE significantly differed between the groups (p=0.008, p=0.005, p=0.004 and p<0.001, respectively). The rate of incidental PCa was much higher in the elderly patients. The cut-off value of age was 71.5 years in the PCa group according to the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. According to the multivariate analysis, only DRE and presence of MetS were effective in predicting PCa. DRE was found 16 times more effective and MetS was 2.8 times more effective than the other parameters. Conclusion: Our results showed that DRE and presence of MetS can be useful predictive factors of incidental PCa in OP.