Abstract
Background: Many cytogenetic changes and gene mutations are associated
with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) survival outcomes. CD56 is related to
poor prognosis when expressed in adult AML. The prognostic value of CD56
in children with AML has rarely been reported. Procedure: To evaluate
the prognostic value of CD56 in childhood AML, multicentric
retrospective study included 224 paediatric patients in two hospitals
between January 2015 and April 2021. Results: The median (range) age was
75 (8-176) months, and the median follow-up time was 31 months. There
was no significant difference in the 3-year overall survival rate
between the CD56-positive and CD56-negative groups (78.4% vs. 73.3%,
P=0.496). For patients who received haematopoietic stem cell
transplantation, there was no significant difference in the 3-year
overall survival rate between the CD56-positive and CD56-negative groups
(59% vs. 63.9%, P=0.922). Multivariate analysis showed that CD56
positivity was not an independent prognostic factor for childhood AML
(hazard ratio 0.85, P=0.648). Furthermore, in children with AML, CD56
positivity was more likely to be associated with the CBFβ-MYH11 mutation
and mixed lineage leukaemia gene rearrangement. Conclusions: In summary,
we demonstrated that CD56 cannot be used as a factor to predict the
prognosis of children with AML.