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Poor durability of the neutralizing response against XBB sublineages after a bivalent mRNA COVID-19 booster dose in persons with HIV (PWH)
  • +12
  • Alessandra Vergori,
  • Giulia Matusali,
  • Eleonora Cimini,
  • Davide Mariotti,
  • Valentina Mazzotta,
  • A. Cozzi-Lepri,
  • Francesca Colavita,
  • Roberta Gagliardini,
  • Stefania Notari,
  • Silvia Meschi,
  • Marisa Fusto,
  • Eleonora Tartaglia,
  • Enrico Girardi,
  • Fabrizio Maggi,
  • Andrea Antinori
Alessandra Vergori
Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Giulia Matusali
Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani
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Eleonora Cimini
Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani
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Davide Mariotti
Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani
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Valentina Mazzotta
Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani
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A. Cozzi-Lepri
University College London Institute for Global Health
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Francesca Colavita
Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani
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Roberta Gagliardini
Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani
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Stefania Notari
Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani
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Silvia Meschi
Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani
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Marisa Fusto
Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani
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Eleonora Tartaglia
Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani
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Enrico Girardi
Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani
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Fabrizio Maggi
Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani
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Andrea Antinori
Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani
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Abstract

We estimated the dynamics of the neutralizing response against XBB sublineages and T cell response in PWH with previous AIDS and/or CD4<200/mm 3 receiving the bivalent original strain/BA.4-5 booster dose (bBD) in fall 2022. Samples were collected before the shot (T0), 15 days (T1), 3 (T3), and 6 months (T6) after. PWH were stratified by immunization status: hybrid immunity (HI; vaccination plus COVID-19) vs. non-hybrid immunity (nHI; vaccination only). At T1, 16% and 30% of PWH were non-responders in terms of anti-XBB.1.16 or anti-EG.5.1 nAbs, respectively. At T3, a significant waning of anti-XBB.1.16, EG.5.1 and -XBB.1 nAbs was observed both in HI and nHI but nAbs in HI were higher than in nHI. At T6 both HI and nHI individuals displayed low mean levels of anti-XBB.1.16 and EG.5.1 nAbs. Regarding T cell response, IFN-γ values were stable over time and similar in HI and nHI. Our data showed that in PLWH, during the prevalent circulation of the XBB.1.16, EG.5.1, and other XBB sublineages, a bBD mRNA vaccine might not confer broad protection against them. With a view to the 2023/2024 vaccination campaign, the use of the monovalent XBB.1.5 mRNA vaccine should be urgently warranted in PWH to provide adequate protection.
Submitted to Journal of Medical Virology
27 Jan 2024Reviewer(s) Assigned
18 Feb 2024Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
21 Feb 2024Editorial Decision: Revise Major
19 Mar 2024Reviewer(s) Assigned
22 Mar 2024Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
01 Apr 2024Editorial Decision: Accept