Recent advances in effect of crystallization dynamics process on the
morphology of active layer in organic solar cells
Abstract
Organic solar cells (OSCs) have received widespread attention due to
light weight, low cost, semitransparency and ease of solution
processing. By continuously improving materials design, active layer
morphology, and device fabrication techniques, the power conversion
efficiency (PCE) of OSCs have exceeded 20%. The morphology of the
active layer, which includes the phase separation structure, the degree
of crystallinity of molecules, and the domain sizes, plays a critically
important role in the performance, which is significantly influenced by
the crystallization dynamics of the donor and acceptor. Therefore, it is
crucial to comprehensively understand how the dynamics impact the film
structure and how to effectively employ the kinetic procedure to enhance
the structure of the active layer in OSCs. In this review, the methods
and principles of kinetics characterization were introduced. Afterwards,
the latest advancements in the control of film-forming and the post
annealing process are outlined, unveiling the underlying mechanism. In
conclusion, the potential and future of OSCs were anticipated and
projected. Researchers may gain a comprehensive comprehension of how the
dynamic process affects the morphology through this review, potentially
enhancing the performance of OSCs.