Chemical-Drug-Free, Ionizing-radiation-Free, and
Metabolic-Interference-Free Glioblastoma Multiforme Therapy
Abstract
Although there have been numerous recent advancements, the prognosis for
glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), is still poor. The blood-brain barrier
(BBB) places restrictions on GBM treatment. To enhance therapeutic
effects, medicines must aggregate at the tumor site. In this review, I
discussed RVG29-modified nanoplatforms which were not only able to cross
the BBB, but they could accumulate specifically in cerebral glioma
tissue. I also discussed the cancer treatment known as magnetic
hyperthermia, which involves heating tumor tissues using magnetic
nanoparticles under alternating magnetic fields. And I analyzed its use
alone and in combination with other adjuvant therapies. Using modified
Iron oxide nanoparticles, magnetic hyperthermia can also be used with
T1/T2 MRI. Additionally, I examined the use of sonodynamic therapy as a
novel and efficient non-invasive way of treating cancer cells. Moreover,
I looked over research on photo penetration via the brain’s tissues. In
humans’ head (scalp plus skull), the red/NIR (630-810 nm) light
penetration ranged from 0.2-10%. In addition, I looked at the
superadditive treatment efficacy of using Fe3O4 when combined with
photodynamic and photothermal therapy, which demonstrated superior
efficacy in eliminating glioma as compared to employing each treatment
modality alone or in combination. Finally, according to the
superadditive (i.e. “1+1>2”) effect, and the studies we
reviewed I believe combining rather safe therapies, such as MHCT, PTT,
and PDT with appropriate nanoplatforms that are coated with BBB and GBM
cells targeting ligands, Could result in an enhanced GBM therapy and MRI
monitoring.