Recent advances on amelioration of angiogenic molecules and metastasis
through phyto-analogs
Abstract
Cancer in the broader sense refers to more than 277 different types of
cancer disease. Cancer; is the second leading cause of death, affecting
the health of all human societies. Elevated proliferation, angiogenesis,
invasion, and metastasis are the hallmarks of cancer. Angiogenesis is a
double-edged sword; it is a mechanism that defines the edge between
health and disease. Despite its central role in physiological
homeostasis, it provides the oxygen and nutrition needed by tumor cells
to proceed from dormancy if pro-angiogenic factors tip the balance in
favor of tumor angiogenesis. vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)
is a prominent target among pro-angiogenic factors, in therapeutic
methods due to its strategic involvement in the formation of anomalous
tumor vasculature. Manipulation in effector molecules like VEGF, PDGF,
Integrin αvβ3, FGF, and Eph-B4/ephrin-B2 have played an important role
in inhibiting angiogenesis followed by reduced tumor growth and it’s
spread. Secondary metabolites such as baicalin, capsaicin, quercetin,
EGCG, and lycopene have been found to disrupt angiogenic mechanisms.
This work is an attempt to put up a comprehensive approach to
understanding the impact of angiogenesis in cancer invasion and their
amelioration through phyto-analogs.