Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused more than 676 million cases in the global
human population with approximately 7 million deaths and vaccination has
been proved as the most effective countermeasure in reducing clinical
complications and deaths of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the
protective elements induced by vaccine are still not completely
understood. Various antibodies with multiple protective mechanisms can
be induced simultaneously by vaccination in vivo, thereby
complicating the identification and characterization of each protective
components. Recently, an increasing body of observations suggests that
antibody-induced Fc-effector functions play a crucial role in combating
SARS-CoV-2 infections, including neutralizing antibodies-escaping
variants. Here, we review the recent progress in understanding the
impact of Fc-effector functions in broadly disarming SARS-CoV-2
infectivity and discuss various efforts in harnessing this conserved
antibody function to develop an effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccine that can
protect humans against infections by SARS-CoV-2 virus and its variants
of concern (VoCs).