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Childhood Acute Leukemia profile in Low Middle Income Country
  • +6
  • Touré A. O.1,
  • Sall F. B.3,
  • Diagne Fatou Bintou,
  • Diouf M.Nd.2,
  • Koudio A.1,
  • Sall A.2,
  • Dial Ch.1,
  • Gadji M.1,
  • Raphael M.4
Touré A. O.1
Universite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar

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Sall F. B.3
Universite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar
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Diagne Fatou Bintou
Universite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar
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Diouf M.Nd.2
Universite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar
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Koudio A.1
Universite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar
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Sall A.2
Universite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar
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Dial Ch.1
Universite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar
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Gadji M.1
Universite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar
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Raphael M.4
Union for International Cancer Control
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Abstract

Background: In Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs), pediatric cancer represents a significant cause of death, with Leukemia being the most common malignancy in children. Our purpose was to describe AL profile in Senegal in the context of childhood cancer. Procedure: All data about childhood cancer were registered in Redcap software A global database for epidemiological history of all new patient that visited the pediatric -oncology care center of Dakar and eight other specifics databases for each main cancers had been created (Acute Leukemias, Nephroblastomas, Retinoblastomas, Neuroblastomas, Non-Hodgkin lymphomas, Hodgkin lymphomas, Rhabdomyosarcomas …….). Results : From January 2 nd 2021 to September 30 th2022, the overall number of childhood cancer cases was 357; which amounts to approximatively 204 children with confirmed cancer per year. The most common cancer found among children was Acute Leukemia (AL) which represents about 30% of all cancers (97 patients). A median age of 60 month and a ratio of males to females diagnosed with AL equal to 1.22 were found. Complete Blood cell Count and examination performed found that the main abnormality were hyperleukocytosis, with a mean number of white blood cells of 67.7g/L. Microscopic examination showed a large amount of blast cells that sometimes represented more than 90% of WBC. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia was more frequent in Senegal (64% of AL). During these 21 month of follow up, 18 patients (18,5%) relapse and 38 (39%)died at different steps of traitement. Conclusion : In Senegal, Immunophenotyping significantly improve AL diagnosis. the implementation of cytogenetics is currently underway.