In recent years, the proliferation of short video streaming platforms such as TikTok, Instagram Reels, and YouTube Shorts has not only captured global attention but also significantly altered the landscape of media consumption. These platforms, leveraging advanced technological frameworks and sophisticated algorithms, have created a new paradigm in which content is not only consumed but also produced and shared by users from diverse backgrounds. This paper aims to dissect the multitude of research trends encompassing the technological advancements, user engagement strategies, sociocultural impacts, and regulatory challenges associated with short video streaming. It highlights how these platforms harness powerful video compression technologies and artificial intelligence to deliver personalized content to users, thereby enhancing user experience and engagement. Additionally, the paper explores the sociocultural ramifications of these platforms, examining their role in global cultural diffusion and the shaping of social behaviors. It also addresses the pressing ethical and regulatory landscapes that govern content dissemination and privacy. By integrating various research findings, this paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the current state and potential future developments in short video streaming, providing insights into its continued influence on global digital culture and media consumption trends.