Abstract
Background Respiratory allergic diseases such as asthma,
chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), and allergic rhinitis (AR), are complex
multifactorial conditions influenced by genetic background, immune
defenses, infection, antibiotic use, bacterial airway exposure,
nutritional factors, environmental factors, and their involvement with
the microbiota. Allergic respiratory diseases are characterized by the
differentiation of Th0 into Th2, Th9, and Th17. An abnormal change in
the microbiota will induce dysbiosis and an increase in the Th2
response, leading to respiratory allergic diseases. Objectives
The objective is to explore the relationship between microbiota and
allergic respiratory diseases, unraveling interactions between microbial
communities and the immune system, and provide the physiopathology,
development, prevention, and management of allergic respiratory
conditions, paving the way for potential personalized therapeutic
interventions. Methods This review aims to synthesize research
about the microbiota in respiratory allergic diseases and how microbiome
eubiosis can help in preventing respiratory allergic diseases. A
systematic investigation was carried out, which included literature such
as articles from PubMed, Elsevier, and Google Academics databases.
Major Findings Different treatments have been implemented, such
as the MedDiet suppressing PGE2, less proinflammatory cytokines, and
Lactobacilli, Faecalibacterium, and Bifidobacteria colonization.
Corticosteroids, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, short-chain fatty
acids, and the use of monoclonal antibody therapies showed an increment
in immune tolerance. Implication Adjuvant treatments such as
monoclonal therapy, MedDiet, probiotics, prebiotics, and symbiotics have
beneficial results in allergic respiratory diseases. Further clinical
trials are needed to give more support to these outcomes.