Justification of Cytoprotective and Apoptotic Action of PLGA Loaded
Nedaplatin Nanoformulation against OECM-1 Cell: A Multi-Modal Analysis
Abstract
Poly- (D, L-lactic-co-glycolic) acid-loaded nedaplatin nanoparticles
(PLGA-NDP) have been used to treat oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
The preparation and characterisation of PLGA-NDP, which was formed and
optimised using the double emulsion technique and Box-Behnken design,
were investigated in detail. Various methods, including scanning
electron microscopy- energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, dynamic light
scattering, thermogravimetric analysis-differential thermal analysis,
Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, UV-VIS spectroscopy, and in
vitro drug release studies, were employed to examine the morphology,
element distribution, physical state, internal structure, encapsulation
efficiency, and release profile of the nanoparticles. The Box-Behnken
design, which used four factors at four levels to calculate the central
point, significantly improved the results. The response of the optimised
condition provided an accurate prediction, and the experiment was
conducted further. The design was validated, and satisfactory agreement
was observed between the predicted and experimental values. The obtained
results provided evidence of a new geometric construction of PLGA-loaded
Nedaplatin nanoparticles with enhanced efficiency when analysed through
bio-assessment, such as cytotoxicity measurement, intracellular ROS,
mitochondrial dysfunction, colony formation, apoptosis-associated gene
expression profile, and cell cycle analysis in OECM-1 cell lines.
Therefore, these findings and techniques are useful for the development
of PLGA-NDPs.