Essential Site Maintenance: Authorea-powered sites will be updated circa 15:00-17:00 Eastern on Tuesday 5 November.
There should be no interruption to normal services, but please contact us at [email protected] in case you face any issues.

loading page

Spatial Hydrographs of River Flow and their Analysis for Peak Event Detection in the Context of Satellite Sampling
  • +6
  • Arnaud Cerbelaud,
  • Cédric Hervé David,
  • Sylvain Biancamaria,
  • Jeffrey Wade,
  • Manu Tom,
  • Renato Prata de Moraes Frasson,
  • George Henry Allen,
  • Hana R Thurman,
  • Denis blumstein
Arnaud Cerbelaud
Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

Author Profile
Cédric Hervé David
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Author Profile
Sylvain Biancamaria
CNRS/LEGOS
Author Profile
Jeffrey Wade
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Author Profile
Manu Tom
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Author Profile
Renato Prata de Moraes Frasson
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology
Author Profile
George Henry Allen
Virginia Tech
Author Profile
Hana R Thurman
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Author Profile
Denis blumstein
CNES
Author Profile

Abstract

The study of river dynamics has long relied on the analysis of traditional in situ hydrographs. This graphical representation of temporal variability at a given location is so ubiquitous that the mere term “hydrograph” is widely recognized as a time series. While such a “temporal hydrograph” is well suited for in situ data analysis, it fails to represent hydrologic variability across space at a given time; a perspective that characterizes satellite-based hydrologic observations. Here we argue that the concept of “spatial hydrograph” should be the focus of its own dedicated scrutiny. We build “space series” of river discharge and present their analysis in the context of peak flow event detection. We propose the use of peak event spatial coverage, referred to as “length”, as an analog to event duration. Our analysis is performed in the Mississippi basin using a dense in situ network. We reveal that peak flow events range in length from around 75 to 1,800 km with a median (mean) value of 330 (520) km along the basin’s largest rivers. Our analysis also suggests that spatial sampling needs to be a factor of 4 (2) finer in resolution than peak flow lengths to detect 81±13% (70±20%) of events and to estimate their length within 84±3% (67±12%) median accuracy. We evaluate the connection between temporal and spatial scales of peak flows and show that events with longer durations also affect larger extents. We finally discuss the implications for the design of satellite missions concerned with capturing floods across space.