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Changes in Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalisations Epidemiology After Nirsevimab Introduction in Lyon, France
  • +9
  • CĂ©cile Chauvel,
  • CĂ´me Horvat,
  • Etienne Javouhey,
  • Yves Gillet,
  • Juliette Hassenboehler,
  • Claire Nour Abou Chakra,
  • Corinne Ragouilliaux,
  • Franck Plaisant,
  • Dominique Ploin,
  • Marine Butin,
  • jean-sebastien casalegno,
  • Marta Nunes C
CĂ©cile Chauvel
Hospices Civils de Lyon
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CĂ´me Horvat
Hospices Civils de Lyon
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Etienne Javouhey
Hospices Civils de Lyon
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Yves Gillet
Hospices Civils de Lyon
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Juliette Hassenboehler
Hospices Civils de Lyon
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Claire Nour Abou Chakra
Hospices Civils de Lyon
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Corinne Ragouilliaux
Hospices Civils de Lyon
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Franck Plaisant
Hospices Civils de Lyon
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Dominique Ploin
Hospices Civils de Lyon
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Marine Butin
Hospices Civils de Lyon
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jean-sebastien casalegno
Hospices Civils de Lyon
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Marta Nunes C
Hospices Civils de Lyon

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Abstract

Background: Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a major health concern, particularly for infants. In France, Nirsevimab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody to prevent RSV-associated lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) was available from September 2023. We described RSV-associated LRTI hospitalisations during the 2023-2024 season among infants younger than six months born at the Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), and evaluated the effectiveness of Nirsevimab against RSV-LRTI hospitalisation. Methods: This observational study included infants born and hospitalised at the HCL during the 2023-2024 season, along with pre-COVID-19 and 2022-2023 seasons. Information on Nirsevimab immunisation status, clinical and perinatal variables were collected through routine care. Infants’ characteristics and incidence risk of hospitalisation per 100 births during 2023-2024 were compared with the historical periods overall and by delay between birth and the onset of the RSV season. Nirsevimab effectiveness was computed by the screening method. Results: During the 2023-2024 season, 83 infants younger than six months were hospitalised with an RSV-associated LRTI. Compared with the historical periods these infants were older. Incidence risk for infants born during the period when immunisation was available were lower than the previous seasons; incidence risk ratios were 0.45 (95% confidence interval (CI): [0.33;0.62]) in 2023-2024 compared with pre-COVID-19 period and 0.53 (95%CI: [0.36;0.77]) compared with 2022-2023 season. Nirsevimab effectiveness was 78.3% (95%CI: [55.9 ;89.5]) with a coverage of 79.3% in the HCL maternities. Conclusions: This study revealed a change in the epidemiology of RSV-associated LRTI hospitalisations in 2023-2024. High coverage and effectiveness were estimated in real-world setting.
12 Jul 2024Submitted to Influenza and other respiratory viruses
16 Jul 2024Submission Checks Completed
16 Jul 2024Assigned to Editor
21 Aug 2024Reviewer(s) Assigned
20 Oct 2024Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
04 Nov 2024Editorial Decision: Revise Minor