Terrestrial ecosystems exhibit varied land uses as a result of both anthropogenic activities and natural processes. These variations in land use alter plant composition, soil characteristics, topography, management practices, and hence lead to significant differences in soil microbial communities and their properties. This study evaluated the impact of distinct land use types (riparian, forest, pasture) on soil microbial biomass and stoichiometric indices under uniform climatic and pedological conditions within a micro-basin in the Eastern Mediterranean region. The microbial biomass C (C _mic) in the riparian area was observed to be 2.5 and 4 times lower than in the meadow and forest areas, respectively. Additionally, the microbial quotient ( qMic) in the riparian zone was 0.5 times higher compared to the forest and meadow areas. Stoichiometric indices, particularly qMic and metabolic quotient ( qCO ₂), across all land uses, indicated that soils within this micro-basin were healthy and exhibited no signs of stress. The study further corroborated that land use exerts significant effects on soil microbial communities, with microbial biomass and activities largely influenced by soil organic matter. Notably, the C _mic/N _mic ratio remained within the range of 10-12 across all land uses, illustrating a fungal dominance in the microbial biomass. These findings underscore the role of land use patterns in altering soil properties, thereby influencing microbial biomass, microbial respiration, and stoichiometry in soils under similar environmental conditions.