Abstract

In this review article, highlights about cholera and the outbreak of cholera and its effect on the health system and human beings in Sudan have been discussed. Additionally, the article contains an overview of the common risk factors and possible reasons for the outbreak of the cholera and the efforts of the government and the NGOs in controlling the outbreak. Cholera is a highly virulent disease that spreads through contaminated food or water and can cause severe diarrhea. An outbreak occurs when more cases than expected occur in a specific location over a specific time period. On 15 April 2023, clashes started between the Sudanese army and the Paramilitary Force with ongoing fighting that led to a humanitarian crisis and infrastructural collapses, severe famine, and many outbreaks, including the outbreak of cholera. This was declared in August 2024 after a wave of cases began on July 22. Between July and September, 8,457 cases and 299 deaths were reported across eight states. Between July and December 2023, 3.1 million people in Sudan were at risk, with 500,000 children under five at risk. The ministry of health and NGOs are working together to control the outbreaks by providing water and sanitation, detecting and managing cases, and vaccinating the affected population.