TP53BP2 Promotes Placental Autophagy and Pre-eclampsia via G9a and DNMT1
Cooperatively Modulating E2F1
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a global pregnancy-related disorder that is
characterized mainly by impaired migration and invasion of trophoblast
cells. Recently, autophagy has been shown to play a vital role in PE.
However, the precise regulatory mechanisms underlying the upregulation
of autophagy are still unclear. In this study, TP53BP2 expression was
significantly upregulated in trophoblasts. Silencing TP53BP2 not only
decreases autophagy but also attenuates the progression of PE in rats.
Moreover, TP53BP2 expression was positively correlated with systolic
blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) but
was negatively correlated with gestational age at delivery and neonatal
birth weight. Furthermore, our findings suggest that TP53BP2 enhances
autophagy in trophoblasts by promoting the release of Beclin-1 from the
Bcl-2/Beclin-1 complex. Additionally, DNMT1 and G9a were found to
downregulate TP53BP2 expression through a cooperative reduction in DNA
methylation and H3K9me2 enrichment at the promoter region of TP53BP2.
More importantly, cooperation between DNMT1 and G9a suppressed the
binding of E2F1 at the TP53BP2 promoter, leading to transcriptional
inhibition of TP53BP2 in PE trophoblasts. In conclusion, our findings
suggest that TP53BP2 promotes autophagy in trophoblasts of preeclamptic
placentas through DNA methylation and H3K9me2-mediated transcriptional
regulation and may serve as a potential therapeutic target for
early-onset PE.