Methane (CH4) consumption in well-drained soils is a key process for global CH4 sink. Yet, the temporal and depth-specific CH4 oxidation is rarely described despite being critical for the surface net CH4 uptake. Here, we linked year-round field observations of CH4 fluxes in well-drained cultivated soils with subsurface CH4 concentrations, laboratory incubations, and process-based modeling to uncover these mechanisms. Field observed CH4 fluxes ranged from –0.43 to 0.19 mg CH4 m-2 day-1 with an average of –0.15 ± 0.01 mg CH4 m-2 day-1 over the year-round study period. Much lower CH4 fluxes were observed in summer than in winter, indicating significant seasonal variations. Modeling using the CoupModel to simulate soil temperatures and water content as drivers, along with an analytic reaction-based model to simulate CH4 fluxes, show that the depth penetration of atmospheric CH4 is a critical parameter for defining a CH4 oxidation reaction zone below the surface. The thickness of the reaction zone varied seasonally. Sensitivity tests of CH4 concentrations and oxidation profiles in response to contrasting precipitation scenarios reveal that CH4 oxidation during drought scenario is increased at deeper depths due to higher CH4 availability. However, CH4 oxidation in near-surface layers decreased due to low soil water content, resulting in a significantly lower net surface CH4 uptake. Our findings suggest that both the depth-specific CH4 oxidation profile and net surface CH4 fluxes will likely change under future warmer and drier periods.