Mixed Convection and Permeability Effects on MHD Williamson Fluid Flow
over an Inclined Stretchy Surface with Radiation Influence: Analytical
Investigation
Abstract
The study introduces a computational method that combines Legendre
polynomials with Gauss-Lobatto points to solve nonlinear coupled
differential equations, focusing on the Williamson fluid model with the
existence of mixed convection and permeability under mixed boundary
conditions. The nonlinear governing equations were transformed to
ordinary differential equation (ODE) from partial differential equation
(PDE), applying the appropriate similarity conversions. By using
Legendre polynomials as trial functions and collocating residual
equations with Gauss-Lobatto points, the system is solved with
Mathematical software. The technique was validated by comparing the
obtained solution with an existing literature and further validation was
done with Runge-Kutta of order 4 via shooting method. Validation against
the Shooting Runge-Kutta method showed minimal discrepancies, confirming
the method’s accuracy. Graphical analysis indicated that an increase in
the Grashof number enhances velocity, while higher porosity raises
temperature but reduces fluid velocity. This approach offers an
efficient and precise solution for complex nonlinear equations, with
broader potential applications in fluid dynamics.