Using a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) cowpea (Vigna unguiculata. L. Walp), we tested for co-linkages between lipid contents and chilling responses of photosynthesis. Under low temperature conditions (19°C/13°C, day/night), we observed co-linkages between quantitative trait loci (QTL) intervals for photosynthetic light reactions and specific fatty acids, most strikingly, the thylakoid-specific fatty acid 16:1Δ3trans found exclusively in phosphatidylglycerol (PG 16:1t). By contrast, we did not observe co-associations with bulk polyunsaturated fatty acids or high-melting-point-PG (sum of PG 16:0, PG 18:0 PG 16:1t) previously thought to be involved in chilling sensitivity. These results suggest that in cowpea, chilling sensitivity is modulated by specific lipid interactions rather than bulk properties. We were able to recapitulate the predicted impact of PG 16:1t levels on photosynthetic responses at low temperature using mutants and transgenic Arabidopsis lines. Because PG 16:1t synthesis requires the activity of peroxiredoxin-Q, which is activated by H2O2 and known to be involved in redox signaling, we hypothesize that the accumulation of PG 16:1t occurs as a result of upstream effects on photosynthesis that alter redox status and production of reactive oxygen species.

Intramyocardial dissection following cardiac tumor excision is uncommon. The evidence available is limited to few case reports. 1 Herein,we report an infant with large cardiac fibrosarcoma arising from the interventricular septum and underwent surgical excision.One month after surgery echocardiography revealed a cystic dissection located in the interventricular septum with residual shunts within the ventricular chambers. we performed conservative strategy due to the high surgical risk, difficulty of interventional therapy and hemodynamic stability.

The goal of the present paper is to obtain and analyze new exact travelling wave solutions and bifurcation behavior of modified Zakharov-Kuznetsov (mZK) equation with higher order dispersion term. For this purpose, first and second simple methods are used to build soliton solutions of travelling wave solutions. Furthermore, bifurcation behavior of traveling waves including new type of quasiperiodic and multi-periodic traveling wave motions have been examined depending on the physical parameters. Multistability for the nonlinear mZK equation has been investigated depending on fixed values of physical parameters with various initial conditions. The suggested methods for the analytical solutions are powerful and benefical tools to obtain the exact travelling wave solutions of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs). Two and three-dimensional plots are also provided to illustrate the new solutions. Bifurcation and multistability behaviors of traveling wave solution of the nonlinear mZK equation with higher order dispersion will add some value in the literature of mathematical and plasma physics.

A 82 years old female presented with cellulitis with abscess of the left foot after 10 days. We are reporting a case report of complex wound healing with upto 70% skin loss over dorsum of foot with the application of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy and dressing with placental extract gel.

In this paper, we study the existence and nonexistence of nontrivial solutions to the following critical biharmonic problem with the Steklov boundary conditions Δ2=+Δ+||2**-2 in , =Δ+=0 on , where ,, ∈ , ⊂ N( ≥ 5) is a unit ball, 2** = 2/N-4 denotes the critical Sobolev exponent for the embedding 2() →2** () and is the outer normal derivative of on . Under some assumptions on , and , we prove the existence of nontrivial solutions to the above biharmonic problem by the Mountain pass theorem and show the nonexistence of nontrivial solutions to it by the Pohozaev identity.

Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis is a promising tool for non-disruptive and cost-efficient estimation of species abundance. However, its practical applicability in natural environments is limited because it is unclear whether eDNA concentrations actually represent species abundance in the field. Although the importance of accounting for eDNA dynamics, such as transport and degradation, has been discussed, the influences of eDNA characteristics, including production source and state, and methodology, including collection and quantification strategy and abundance metrics, on the accuracy of eDNA-based abundance estimation were entirely overlooked. We conducted a meta-analysis using 56 previous eDNA literature and investigated the relationships between the accuracy (R2) of eDNA-based abundance estimation and eDNA characteristics and methodology. Our meta-regression analysis found that R2 values were significantly lower for crustaceans than fish, suggesting that less frequent eDNA production owing to their external morphology and physiology may impede accurate estimation of their abundance via eDNA. Moreover, R2 values were positively associated with filter pore size, indicating that selective collection of larger-sized eDNA, which is typically fresher, could improve the estimation accuracy of species abundance. Furthermore, R2 values were significantly lower for natural than laboratory conditions, while there was no difference in the estimation accuracy among natural environments. Our findings shed a new light on the importance of what characteristics of eDNA should be targeted for more accurate estimation of species abundance. Further empirical studies are required to validate our findings and fully elucidate the relationship between eDNA characteristics and eDNA-based abundance estimation.

Monomeric-to-Pentameric Aggregation of Molecular Cs4PbBr6 Halide Perovskite: a First-Principles Investigation

Objective:Compare the efficacy of intravenous ferric derisomaltose (FDI) with oral iron in pregnant women with persistent iron deficiency. Design:Single-centre, open-labelled, randomised controlled trial. Setting:Danish university hospital. Population:Women 14–21 weeks pregnant with persistent iron deficiency (ferritin <30 µg/L). Methods:Allocation to 1,000 mg intravenous FDI (single-dose) or 100 mg elemental oral iron daily (FA). Assessment of blood tests, patient reported outcomes (fatigue and quality of life) and adverse events throughout eighteen weeks’ follow-up. Main_outcome_measures:Proportion of non-anaemic (haemoglobin ≥11 g/dL) women throughout follow-up (primary endpoint), assessed by Kaplan-Meier estimates compared between groups by risk difference analysis. Change in haematological markers and patient reported outcomes, assessed by restricted maximum likelihood estimates compared between groups by a repeated measures mixed model. Results:From July 2017 through February 2020, 100 women were randomised to FDI and 101 to FA. In the FDI vs. FA group 89% vs. 88% were non-anaemic prior to inclusion. Throughout follow-up, 91% vs. 73% were non-anaemic in favor of FDI (18% difference, 95% CI 0.10–0.25, p<0.001). The haemoglobin least-squares mean increase was significantly greater in the FDI vs. FA group at week six (0.4 vs. -0.2 g/dL, p<0.001), twelve (0.5 vs. 0.1 g/dL, p<0.001) and eighteen (0.8 vs. 0.5 g/dL, p=0.01). Improvements in patient reported fatigue and psychological well-being were greater in the FDI group at weeks three and six. The incidence of treatment related adverse events was comparable across treatments. Conclusions:FDI was superior for avoiding anaemia compared to oral treatment, and biochemical superiority was accompanied by improved fatigue and psychological well-being.

Herein, we report the mechanism of Ir(III)-catalyzed intermolecular branch-selective allylic C−H amidation, including the influence of substituent effect on yield and regioselectivity. The sequence of amidation reaction is alkene coordination, allylic C−H activation, oxidative addition of methyl dioxazolone, reductive elimination of allyl-Ir-nitrenoid complex, amine protonation and proto-demetallation. The apparent activation energy of amidation between hexene and methyl dioxazolone is 17.8 kcal/mol, and the energy difference between two transition state for formation amide is only 2.8 kcal/mol. The introduction of more electron-deficient groups at the allyl terminal increases the apparent activation energy, conversely, the introduction of electron-donating groups significantly reduces the apparent activation energy. Among them, the apparent activation energy of the reaction between aniline group substituted allyl and methyl dioxazolone is only 13.8 kcal/mol, which further improves the reaction yield. In addition, the introduction of more electron-withdrawing groups on dioxazolone can significantly improve the regioselectivity. When 3,4,5,-trifluorophenyl substituted dioxazolone and hexene occur C−N bond coupling reaction, the energy difference of the two transition states is as high as 9.0 kcal/mol, indicating that the regioselectivity is greatly improved. The mechanism explanation of allylic C−H amidation will provide strong theoretical support for streamlined synthesis of allyl branched amides.

Objective We report our experience with a transvaginal approach with overlapping AS repair. The aim of this study was to evaluate long term functional outcomes. Design Retrospective Cohort study. Setting and Population Women who had undergone AS surgery for anal incontinence from July 2005 to July 2020. were included. The patients included attended the Mercy Hospital Perineal clinic a multidisciplinary team of urogynecologists and colorectal surgeons. Private patients from the surgeons in Perineal clinic were also included. Methods Overall 107 women were included in the study with a median follow up of 57.5 months. Main Outcome Measure We analysed outcomes by comparing patients St marks score difference before and after surgery. Meaningful clinical difference (MID) was set at 5 points as per previous validation studies, complications and patient demographics were recorded along with a question if they would recommend this treatment to a friend. Results An improvement exceeding the minimal clinical difference (MID) was seen in 69.3% of women. With a marked improvement in 46.5% of patients. Furthermore 70% of our patients would recommend the procedure to a friend, if they were in a similar situation. Wound infection or perineal breakdown occurred in 45% of women but did not significantly impact on outcomes. Conclusion Transvaginal AS repair is associated with significant improvements in patients’ St. Marks score. Our data shows that the long-term success rate of transvaginal AS repair may be better than previously reported in the literature using a transvaginal approach. Funding This study received no funding or sponsorship

Background Parental abnormal chromosomal karyotypes are considered as reasons for recurrent pregnancy loss. Objective This systematic meta-analysis evaluated the current evidence on pregnancy outcomes amongst couples with abnormal versus normal chromosomal karyotypes. Search strategy Two independent reviewers screened titles and abstracts identified in EMBASE and PubMed from inception to January 2021. Selection criteria Studies were included if they provided a description of pregnancy outcomes of parental chromosomal abnormality. Data collection and analysis Random effects meta-analysis was used to compare odds of pregnancy outcomes associated with noncarriers and carriers. Main results A significantly lower first pregnancy live birth rate (FPLBR) was found in carriers than in noncarriers with RPL (OR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.46-0.65; p<0.00001). Regarding FPLBR between translocation or inversion carriers and noncarriers, a markedly decreased FPLBR was found in translocation (OR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.31–0.61; p<0.00001) but not inversion carriers. The accumulated live birth rate (ALBR) (OR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.90–1.03; p=0.26) was similar, while the miscarriage rate (MR) of accumulated pregnancies (OR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.69–2.89; p<0.00001) was significantly higher in the carriers than in noncarriers with RPL. The ALBR was not significant (OR: 1.82; 95% CI: 0.38–8.71; p=0.45) but the MR (OR: 5.75; 95% CI: 2.57–12.86; p<0.0001) was markedly lower for carriers who choose PGD than natural conception. Conclusions Carriers with RPL had higher risk of miscarriage but obtained a satisfying pregnancy outcome through multiple attempts. No sufficient evidence was found PGD could enhance the ALBR but it was an alternative to decrease the MR.

Caplacizumab can be used as a treatment for TTP refractory to plasmapheresis and steroid

Tumor of lipomatous origin in the ovary is exceedingly rare. We report a case of incidental lipoma in the right ovary in a 41-year-old female with a contralateral borderline serous tumor. It is important to identify such isolated incidental lipoma to differentiate it from other liposarcoma and teratomatous elements.

Our understanding of the regulation of respiration in C4 plants, where mitochondria play different roles in the different types of C4 photosynthetic pathway, remains limited. We examined how leaf dark respiration rates (Rdark), in the presence and absence of added malate, vary in monocots representing the three classical biochemical types of C4 photosynthesis (NADP-ME, NAD-ME and PCK) using intact leaves and extracted bundle sheath strands. In particular, we explored to what extent Rdark are associated with mitochondrial number, volume and ultrastructure. We found that the respiratory response of NAD-ME and PCK type bundle sheath strands to added malate was associated with differences in mitochondrial number, volume, and/or ultrastructure, while NADP-ME type bundle sheath strands did not respond to malate addition. In general, mitochondrial traits reflected the contributions mitochondria make to photosynthesis in the three C4 types. However, despite the obvious differences in mitochondrial traits, no clear correlation was observed between these traits and Rdark. We suggest that Rdark is primarily driven by cellular maintenance demands and not mitochondrial composition per se, in a manner that is somewhat independent of mitochondrial organic acid cycling in the light.

A computer program has been created that makes it possible to analyze the features of the spatial distribution of Joule heat in two-phase matrix systems with round inclusions. The program uses the finite element method and is implemented in Fortran code. It was found that at certain points of the two-phase medium, the specific power of the Joule heat is determined. The magnitude of the unevenness of the heat distribution exhibits the ability to level. It was found that the location of the points at which the set parameters for a given structure pm are set depends on the ratio between the conduction of the matrix and the inclusion and the local mutual arrangement of the inclusions. The processes of sintering powder materials using electric heating are considered. It was found that as a result of selective sedimentation, the possibility of the formation of anisotropic structures is turned on. The features of the processes of contact electrical materials based on mixtures of copper and tungsten are discussed. It is assumed that the processes of local heating can initiate the sedimentation of copper particles. In this case, groupings of particles can be formed, oriented along the direction of the heating electric current. The possibility of synthesizing materials similar to composite fiber systems is shown. It is proposed to use computer simulation programs to support heat treatment processes using electric heating.

Objectives: In July 2017, Victoria’s largest maternity service implemented a new clinical guideline aimed to reduce the rates of stillbirth at term for South Asian-born women. Here we present the evaluation of the change in care on rates of stillbirth, neonatal and obstetric interventions. Design: Cohort Study Setting: Victoria’s largest metropolitan university-affiliated teaching hospital. Population: All women receiving antenatal care who gave birth in the term period between January 2016 and December 2020. Methods: Differences in rates of stillbirths, neonatal deaths, perinatal morbidities, and interventions after July 2017 were determined. Multigroup interrupted time-series analysis was used to assess changes in rates of induction of labour. Main Outcome Measures: Rates of stillbirths, neonatal deaths, perinatal morbidities, and obstetric interventions. Results: 3506 south Asian-born women gave birth prior to, and 8532 after the change. There was a 64% reduction in term stillbirth (95%CI 87% to 2%; p=0.047) for south Asian-born women after the change in practice from 2.3 per 1000 births to 0.8 per 1000 births. The rates of early neonatal death (3.1 per 1000 vs 1.3 per 1000; p=0.03) and SCN admission (16.5% vs 11.1%; p<0.001) also decreased. There were no significant differences in admission to NICU, Apgar<7 at 5 minutes, birthweight or differences in the trends of induction of labour per month. Conclusions: Fetal monitoring from 39 weeks’ may offer an alternative to routine earlier induction of labour to reduce the rates of stillbirth without causing an increase in neonatal morbidity or obstetric interventions.

Tejeshwar Dhananjaya1, Sayantan Das1,2*, Monica Harpalani1, Michael A. Huffman3 and Mewa Singh1

The horned gall aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis, is an economically important insect that induces galls valuable for medicinal and chemical industries. S. chinensis manipulates its host plant to form well-organized horned galls during feeding. So far, more than twenty aphid genomes have been reported; however, all of those are derived from free-living aphids. Here we generated a high-quality genome assembly of S. chinensis, representing the first genome sequence of a galling aphid. The final genome assembly was 280.43 Mb, with 97% of the assembled sequences anchored into thirteen chromosomes. S. chinensis presents the smallest aphid genome size among available aphid genomes to date. The contig and scaffold N50 values were 3.39 Mb and 20.58 Mb, respectively. The assembly included 96.4% of conserved arthropod and 97.8% of conserved Hemiptera single-copy orthologous genes based on BUSCO analysis. A total of 13,437 protein-coding genes were predicted. Phylogenomic analysis showed that S. chinensis formed a single clade between the Eriosoma lanigerum clade and the Aphidini+Macrosiphini aphid clades. In addition, salivary proteins were found to be differentially expressed when S. chinensis underwent host alternation, indicating their potential roles in gall formation and plant defense suppression. A total of 36 cytochrome P450 genes were identified in S. chinensis, considerably fewer compared to other aphids, probably due to its small host plant range. The high-quality S. chinensis genome assembly and annotation provide an essential genetic background for future studies to reveal the mechanism of gall formation and to explore the interaction between aphids and their host plants.