The coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia may cause cystic features of lung parenchyma which can resolve or progress to larger blebs. Spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) was reported as a complication of COVID-19 with an incidence of 1% in hospitalized patients, in 3% of patients hospitalized with pneumonia, in 6% mechanically ventilated patients and in 1% of decased patients. Pneumothorax was more likely in patients with neutrophilia, severe lung injury and a prolonged clinical course. We present 11 cases of SP managed with chest tube thoracostomy (CTT) or high dose oxygen therapy. Isolated SP was detected in all cases. Eight cases were male and three cases were female. There were bilateral ground-glass opacities or pulmonary infiltrates in the parenchyma of the ten cases. We detected neutrophilia, lymphopenia and increased CRP, Ferritin, LDH, D-Dimer, IL-6 levels in almost all cases. CTT was sufficient to treat pneumothorax in our nine of case. In two cases, pneumothorax healed with high dose oxygen therapy. Favipiravir and antibiotic treatment were given to different ten patients. In our institution, all patients with COVID-19 infection were placed on prophylactic or therapeutic anticoagulation, unless contraindicated. The treatments of patients diagnosed with secondary spontaneous pneumothorax during the pandemic period and those diagnosed with secondary spontaneous pneumothorax in the previous three years were compared with the durations of tube thoracostomy performed in both groups. The increased number of cases of pneumothorax suggests that pneumothorax may be a complication of covid-19 infection. During medical treatment of covid-19, pneumothorax may be the only reason for hospitalization. Although tube thoracostomy is a sufficient treatment option in most cases, clinicians should be aware of the difficulties that may arise in diagnosis and treatment.

Objectives: Studies have shown that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is primarily transmitted from person to person via airborne droplets. It is unclear whether it can be shed into human milk and transmitted to a child via breastfeeding.We investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in human milk samples of 15 mothers with coronavirus disease 19(COVID-19) and in the throat swab samples of their infants. Methods: This is a prospective observational study in which breast milk samples were collected from 15 mothers with COVID-19. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the whole human milk samples of the patients was investigated using RT-qPCR. All of the infants underwent a clinical follow-up during their 14-day isolation and their throat swab samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Results: Of 15 mothers with COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in milk samples from 4 mothers. The throat swab samples from these mothers’ infants were found to be positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Three of the four mothers were breastfeeding. In addition, during the 14-day isolation, all but three of the mothers breastfed their infants. Of the 12 breastfed infants, while the test for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in throat swab samples was negative in six of the infants, the other six infants, who had mild COVID-19 symptoms, tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA.Clinical outcomes of all mothers and infants were uneventful. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first case series with the largest number of cases with SARS-CoV-2 RNA positivity in human milk samples of mothers with COVID-19. However, we believe that the benefits of breastfeeding may outweigh the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a extremely infectious disease, and the current outbreak has been declared by WHO as a global public health threatening. Researches have showed that transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is mainly from person to person via airborne droplets. It is unclear whether SARS-CoV-2 can be shed into human milk and transmitted to a child via breastfeeding. Here we investigated SARS-CoV-2 RNA in breast-milk samples of three mothers with SARS-CoV-2 and their infant. The human milk sample of one mother for SARS-CoV-2 RNA was positive. By contrast, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was not detected in human milk of two mothers.The throat swab sample was also positive in the infant of the mother whose SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in human milk. By contrast, throat swab of others infants was negative. Because the mother with SARS-CoV-2 RNA detected in human milk sample is not breastfeeding, the risk of contagion from the infant to the mother is eliminated. To date, in the literature, the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA has only been detected in the breast milk of two mothers with SARS-CoV-2. To the best of our knowledge, our case is third case with SARS-CoV-2 RNA detected in human milk. On the other hand, this is first case with SARS-CoV-2 RNA detected in human milk of mother who does not breastfeed her infant.The existing data indicates that SARS-CoV-2 can be rare transmitted through human milk.