Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death. NSCLC accounts for 80-90% of cases. In younger patients, adenocarcinoma is the most frequent histotype and 3-7% expresses the rearrange-ment of ALK oncogene, sensitive to TKIs. Crizotinib is the first ALK inhibitor approved by FDA. We present the case of a 17-year-old male with metastatic naïve ALK-positive adenocarcinoma, treated with crizotinib. He received crizotinib and obtained a prolonged response with PFS of 33 months. Crizotinib can be extremely effective in adolescent with naïve ALK-positive NSCLC but it hardly penetrates blood-brain barrier. Resistance mechanisms will be investigated for a better man-agement.

Retinoblastoma(RB) patients have a high risk to develop second malignant neoplasm (SMN). Diencephalic tumors(DT) are rare in paediatric age. A retrospective review was performed over 21 years period. Out of 169 RB patients, 3 presented a DT. Two patients presented a Rb1 germline mutation and none received radiotherapy. DT in previously treated RB patients seems a peculiar SMN. However, considering the site, the short time interval from RB and the absence of radiotherapy, an alternative pathogenic mechanism could be supposed. The same embryological origin of the retina and the diencephalon should be considered and biological studies are needed.