Abstract
Abstract: Background: Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) incidence in acute
myeloid leukemia (AML) patients have not been well described and some
studies have shown the risk of this infection in these groups of
patients. In this systematic review, we reviewed the published studies
about PCP in AML to evaluate the PCP incidence and outcomes in these
patients and then focuses on its immunological mechanism. Method: All
articles reviewed in this collection are from recruited sites: PubMed
and Embase databases. No time limit was considered for article
searching. The following keywords were used: (“Pneumonia,
Pneumocystis” OR Pneumocystis Pneumonia” OR “Pneumocystis
jirovecii”), AND (“leukemia, myeloid, acute OR acute myeloid
leukemia”). Our search strategy yielded 356 articles. After
implementing the exclusion and inclusion criteria, the final papers were
selected and reviewed. Result: By our search, 356 articles were found
(316 in PubMed and 40 in Embase). After the implementation of inclusion
and exclusion criteria, seven papers remained. A total of seven articles
with a total number of 41 patients were included. Conclusion: Affected
patients appear to have a clear resistance to PCP infection despite
chemotherapy and bone marrow suppression due to the preservation of a
specific immunological milieu in the lung. In fact, may be due to
immunological stability of the lungs that remains intact. Further
studies are needed.