Background: Outcome-Based Education (OBE) has become essential in reshaping medical training, driven by evolving practices, changing patient expectations, and increased legal accountability in healthcare. OBE is notably impactful in specialties like Obstetrics and Gynecology, demanding precision and adaptability. Materials and Methods: This peer review involved examining literature on OBE across various medical fields, with a focus on Obstetrics and Gynecology. Using PubMed and the University of Limerick library database, searches included terms related to OBE, curriculum development, and educational assessments. Only fully accessible articles in English were reviewed, ensuring a focus on comprehensive studies. Results: The shift from volume-based to competency-based training is profound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Tools like the Mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise (Mini-CEX) and Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (OSATS) are critical for objectively evaluating competencies in real-time settings. Despite their role in meeting contemporary medical standards, challenges persist, including discrepancies between intended and actual training outcomes, variable effectiveness of assessment tools, and a tendency for evaluations to become simplistic checklists. Continuous refinement of these tools is necessary to accurately measure competencies. Crucially, the successful adoption of OBE relies on full trainer engagement and their integration into the transition process. Conclusion: OBE represents a substantial evolution towards structured and measurable training goals in medical education. Successful implementation depends on adapting and rigorously evaluating educational strategies to match the dynamic medical training landscape.

Objective: To evaluate the relation between peripartum infection at first caesarean delivery to uterine dehiscence or rupture at the subsequent delivery. Design: Retrospective case-control study from March 2014 to October 2020. Setting: University-affiliated medical centre. Sample: Women with a prior caesarean delivery and proven dehiscence or uterine rupture diagnosed during their subsequent delivery. The control group included women who had a successful vaginal birth after Cesarean section without evidence of dehiscence or uterine rupture. Methods: We compared the rate of peripartum infection during the first Cesarean delivery and other relevant variables, between the two groups. We also analysed the type of infection correlated with uterine rupture or dehiscence. Main Outcome Measures: Rate of peripartum infection. Results: A total of 168 women were included, 71 with uterine rupture or dehiscence and 97 with successful vaginal birth after Cesarean section as the control group. The rate of peripartum infection at the first caesarean delivery was significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group (22.2% vs. 8.2%, p=0.013). Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that peripartum infection remained an independent risk-factor for uterine rupture at the subsequent trial of labour after Cesarean delivery (95% CI, P=0.018). We also found that endometritis had the highest correlation to uterine rupture (9.8% vs. 0%, p=0.02) Conclusion: Peripartum infection in the first caesarean delivery, may be an independent risk-factor for uterine rupture in a subsequent delivery. Compared to other infections, endometritis may pose the greatest risk for uterine rupture or dehiscence.