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Depression, anxiety and resilience during COVID-19 in Dutch patients with Cystic Fibrosis or Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia and their caregivers
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  • Lieke Noij,
  • Eric Haarman,
  • Simone Hashimoto,
  • Suzanne Terheggen-Lagro,
  • Josje Altenburg,
  • Jos Twisk,
  • Marieke Verkleij
Lieke Noij
Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Eric Haarman
Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra
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Simone Hashimoto
Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra
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Suzanne Terheggen-Lagro
Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra
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Josje Altenburg
Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra
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Jos Twisk
Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra
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Marieke Verkleij
Amsterdam Universitair Medische Centra
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Abstract

Background. The COVID-19 pandemic has spread across the world, leading to government measures associated with a negative impact on mental health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on depression, anxiety and resilience in Dutch people with cystic fibrosis (PwCF) or primary ciliary dyskinesia (PwPCD) and their caregivers during the pandemic. Methods. Adolescents (12-17 years), adults and caregivers of children (0-17 years) with CF or PCD completed questionnaires on depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7) and resilience (BRS) between September 2020 and February 2021. The psychosocial impact of COVID-19 was measured by the Exposure and Family Impact Survey (CEFIS) Part 2. Mixed model analyses compared PHQ-9 and GAD-7 results to participants’ pre-pandemic scores. Results. 110 participants (10 PwCF, 31 PwPCD, 52 CF caregivers, 17 PCD caregivers) completed questionnaires during the pandemic. Pre-pandemic outcomes were available for 87 participants. The prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety (PHQ-9 or GAD-7 scores ≥5) in PwCF and PwPCD and their caregivers before and during the pandemic was high, with an increase in depression in PwCF (2.75; 95%-CI: 0.82 to 4.68) and increase in anxiety in CF caregivers (1.03; 0.09 to 1.96) during the pandemic. Resilience was within the normal range for all groups, CEFIS scores corresponded to a low to normal impact. Conclusion. PwCF and PwPCD and their caregivers were at high risk of increased depression and anxiety symptoms both before and during the pandemic, which emphasizes the importance of mental health screening and psychological care in CF and PCD.
13 Jul 2022Submitted to Pediatric Pulmonology
13 Jul 2022Submission Checks Completed
13 Jul 2022Assigned to Editor
28 Jul 2022Reviewer(s) Assigned
19 Sep 2022Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
26 Sep 2022Editorial Decision: Revise Major
19 Dec 20221st Revision Received
19 Dec 2022Submission Checks Completed
19 Dec 2022Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
19 Dec 2022Assigned to Editor
19 Dec 2022Reviewer(s) Assigned
27 Feb 2023Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
06 Mar 20232nd Revision Received
07 Mar 2023Assigned to Editor
07 Mar 2023Submission Checks Completed
07 Mar 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
07 Mar 2023Reviewer(s) Assigned
07 Apr 2023Editorial Decision: Accept