Background Respiratory allergic diseases such as asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), and allergic rhinitis (AR), are complex multifactorial conditions influenced by genetic background, immune defenses, infection, antibiotic use, bacterial airway exposure, nutritional factors, environmental factors, and their involvement with the microbiota. Allergic respiratory diseases are characterized by the differentiation of Th0 into Th2, Th9, and Th17. An abnormal change in the microbiota will induce dysbiosis and an increase in the Th2 response, leading to respiratory allergic diseases. Objectives The objective is to explore the relationship between microbiota and allergic respiratory diseases, unraveling interactions between microbial communities and the immune system, and provide the physiopathology, development, prevention, and management of allergic respiratory conditions, paving the way for potential personalized therapeutic interventions. Methods This review aims to synthesize research about the microbiota in respiratory allergic diseases and how microbiome eubiosis can help in preventing respiratory allergic diseases. A systematic investigation was carried out, which included literature such as articles from PubMed, Elsevier, and Google Academics databases. Major Findings Different treatments have been implemented, such as the MedDiet suppressing PGE2, less proinflammatory cytokines, and Lactobacilli, Faecalibacterium, and Bifidobacteria colonization. Corticosteroids, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, short-chain fatty acids, and the use of monoclonal antibody therapies showed an increment in immune tolerance. Implication Adjuvant treatments such as monoclonal therapy, MedDiet, probiotics, prebiotics, and symbiotics have beneficial results in allergic respiratory diseases. Further clinical trials are needed to give more support to these outcomes.

Introduction. - The frequency of emergency department visits for asthma is a major public health problem in pediatrics. The aim of this study is to identify the characteristics of children who visit the pediatric emergency department for asthma exacerbation and to evaluate their therapeutic management before admission. Methods. - A prospective study conducted over a 6-month period in the pediatric emergency departments of 5 hospitals on children aged 1 to 16 years who were admitted to the department with a clinical diagnosis of asthma exacerbation. Results. – 143 patients were enrolled in the study. Asthma episodes were moderate to severe in 69.2% of cases (n = 99). Initial therapeutic treatment before admission to the emergency department was appropriate in 17.5% of cases (n = 25). Hospitalizations greater than 24 hours only occurred in 18.2% ( n = 26) . In children under 3 years of age, the viral context was present in 91.4% (n = 64) & exacerbations were more severe in younger patients (P = 0.002) and economically disadvantaged children (P = 0.025). Only 17.4% (n=25) were found to be positive by an antigen test or PCR test for SARS-CoV-2. suggesting that the involvement of traditional respiratory viruses in asthma exacerbation continues even in pandemic times. Regarding the pre-hospital care, 70.6% (n=101) had received prior treatment, but this treatment was inappropriate in 53.1 % (n=76). Conclusions. - This study shows that asthmatic children and their families know little about the disease and that physicians are not sufficiently aware of current recommendations for the management of asthmatic children. Admission to the emergency department for asthma could be partially avoided by better diagnosis and therapeutic education .

A document by Victor Gonzalez-Uribe. Click on the document to view its contents.