Abstract This review explores the challenges and barriers associated with the implementation of e-health initiatives in primary care settings. It identifies several key factors that hinder the widespread adoption of e-health applications, including the lack of adequate awareness of medical informatics and e-health’s role in healthcare development, insufficient evidence on their effectiveness, difficulties in meeting the costs of developing and implementing e-health infrastructure, and the marginalization of the private sector and private health institutions. Furthermore, the review highlights issues such as low health and informatics literacy among society, the weakness of laws and regulations on the provision of e-health services, and the lack or weakness of qualified human resources. It also emphasizes the need for addressing these challenges through evidence-based strategies, collaboration between stakeholders, improved education and training, and the development of comprehensive legal frameworks. By overcoming these obstacles, the review suggests that e-health has the potential to enhance healthcare delivery, improve patient outcomes, and contribute to achieving broader public health goals.