Several room disinfection robots using Ultraviolet C (UV-C) light have emerged recently, especially with the COVID-19 outbreak. This systematic review aims to identify the current development status of Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation (UVGI) disinfection robots, their limitations, and the technologies they use. An automated search was performed on the Scopus, ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, and SpringerLink platforms for papers up to July 2023, followed by a snowballing search. Were found 96 studies, of which the majority were not concerned with the dose of UVGI applied or did not implement any technique to deliver the appropriate dose; the positioning of the lamps was carried out subjectively; and most of the works did not implement any technique to prevent accidents with UVGI. From the analysis of these studies, it was possible to propose a novel classification for the different types of robots based on their technological and readiness levels. The data shows that despite recent advances, the development of disinfection robots is still early, with many advances to be made.