Abstract: In the past two decades, extensive attention has been drawn to the use of plants for developing vaccines. Despite plenty of efforts made on the research and development of plant-based vaccines worldwide, there remain challenges in their productions. With the rapid progress in genetic engineering technology, immunology and molecular biology technology, vaccines are diversified. Meanwhile, various production methods emerge and are improved. Currently, transgenic technology, which involves plants as bioreactors, has become one of the research hotspots. In general, the preparation of transgenic plant vaccine requires the determination of target antigen, the selection of recipient plant, the construction of plant expression vector, transformation, expression and detection. There are various advantages exhibited by transgenic plant vaccine platforms over insect baculovirus, bacterial fermentation and mammalian cell protein expression platforms: low production cost, short growth cycle, the ease of expansion, complete protein processing system, and the prospect of inducing immune response. The application of transgenic plant vaccines is considered promising from two perspectives: vaccine efficacy and immune strategy. In this paper, the basic process of transgenic plant vaccine production and the progress in its research were reviewed to provide reference for the development and application of transgenic plant vaccines in the future.