Yan Zhang

and 2 more

The widespread adoption of smartphones has spurred advancements in navigation technology. Traditional positioning methods, such as precise point positioning (PPP) and real-time kinematic (RTK), face limitations including long convergence times and high data rate requirements, making them unsuitable for smartphone applications. The PPP-RTK approach offers faster ambiguity resolution by leveraging precise atmospheric corrections, which is expensive to install and maintain from Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) or multiple reference stations. Although PPP-RTK from single reference station is developed, satellite orbital/clock and code bias corrections from ground-based CORS stations and data transmissions are still required. While using the satellite-based Galileo high accuracy service (HAS) can achieve high-accuracy positioning for electronic devices including smartphones, few studies have studied HAS corrections to assess its effectiveness. In this study, we propose a smartphone precise positioning method from PPP-RTK with HAS and single reference station. Moreover, due to the high noise level of smartphone observations, a timedifferenced carrier-phase (TDCP) model coupled with solution separation (SS) testing is used to detect cycle slips. To validate the proposed method, experiments are carried out in static and kinematic modes. The results show the proposed method can achieve convergence in both static and kinematic condition around 2 minutes with ambiguity resolution, achieving an accuracy of 0.411 m horizontally and 0.754 m in three-dimension in kinematic mode. It suggests that utilizing current HAS products with GPS and Galileo smartphone PPP-RTK methodology can enable decimeter-level positioning precision.